Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses

Objectives: This study aimed to translate and psychometrically test the 7-item Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Inventory (ESSI) scale within the Thai population. Methods: A scale translation and cross-sectional validation study was conducted. The English version...

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Main Authors: Santi Phetrnui, Jom Suwanno, Chantira Chiaranai, Chonchanok Bunsuk, Naruebeth Koson, Wanna Kumanjan, Chennet Phonphet, Ladda Thiamwong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-01-01
Series:International Journal of Nursing Sciences
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013224001364
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author Santi Phetrnui
Jom Suwanno
Chantira Chiaranai
Chonchanok Bunsuk
Naruebeth Koson
Wanna Kumanjan
Chennet Phonphet
Ladda Thiamwong
author_facet Santi Phetrnui
Jom Suwanno
Chantira Chiaranai
Chonchanok Bunsuk
Naruebeth Koson
Wanna Kumanjan
Chennet Phonphet
Ladda Thiamwong
author_sort Santi Phetrnui
collection DOAJ
description Objectives: This study aimed to translate and psychometrically test the 7-item Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Inventory (ESSI) scale within the Thai population. Methods: A scale translation and cross-sectional validation study was conducted. The English version was translated for Thai involved nine steps: preparation, forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, back-translation review, harmonization, cognitive debriefing, review of cognitive debriefing and finalization, and proofreading. Psychometrics testing used data from a cross-sectional study from July to November 2022 at 16 primary care centers in southern Thailand, involving 405 participants. Structural validity was tested with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA). Hypothesis testing validity was assessed through correlations with the Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale version 3.0 (SCSES-v3.0) and the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory version 4.c (SC-CII-v4.c). Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s α coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The Thai ESSI demonstrated excellent content validity. EFA revealed a one-factor structure, with high factor loadings for the first six items assessing informational, emotional, and instrumental support. The last item on structural support demonstrated inadequate factor loadings, suggesting its removal. CFA confirmed a well-fit one-factor structure for the 6-item ESSI. Hypothesis testing showed positive correlations with the SCSES-v3.0 and SC-CII-v4.c scales. Cronbach’s α coefficient improved from 0.88 for the 7-item to 0.91 for the 6-item ESSI. Both the 7-item and the 6-item scales exhibited excellent test-retest reliability. Conclusions: Our study affirms the strong validity and reliability of the ESSI in the Thai population with chronic illnesses. The ESSI is deemed appropriate for evaluating social support in the context of chronic illness self-care.
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spelling doaj-art-bf6076dda41d48cb8277c7209d72fe232025-01-26T05:04:01ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Nursing Sciences2352-01322025-01-011216573Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnessesSanti Phetrnui0Jom Suwanno1Chantira Chiaranai2Chonchanok Bunsuk3Naruebeth Koson4Wanna Kumanjan5Chennet Phonphet6Ladda Thiamwong7School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; The Excellent Center of Community Health Promotion, Walailak University, ThailandSchool of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; The Excellent Center of Community Health Promotion, Walailak University, Thailand; Corresponding author. School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.Institute of Nursing, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, ThailandSchool of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; The Excellent Center of Community Health Promotion, Walailak University, ThailandBoromarajonani College of Nursing Nakhon Si Thammarat, Faculty of Nursing, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Nakhon Si Thammarat, ThailandSchool of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; The Excellent Center of Community Health Promotion, Walailak University, ThailandSchool of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Institute of Nursing, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, ThailandUniversity of Central Florida College of Nursing, Orlando, FL, USAObjectives: This study aimed to translate and psychometrically test the 7-item Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) Social Support Inventory (ESSI) scale within the Thai population. Methods: A scale translation and cross-sectional validation study was conducted. The English version was translated for Thai involved nine steps: preparation, forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, back-translation review, harmonization, cognitive debriefing, review of cognitive debriefing and finalization, and proofreading. Psychometrics testing used data from a cross-sectional study from July to November 2022 at 16 primary care centers in southern Thailand, involving 405 participants. Structural validity was tested with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA and CFA). Hypothesis testing validity was assessed through correlations with the Self-Care Self-Efficacy Scale version 3.0 (SCSES-v3.0) and the Self-Care of Chronic Illness Inventory version 4.c (SC-CII-v4.c). Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s α coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The Thai ESSI demonstrated excellent content validity. EFA revealed a one-factor structure, with high factor loadings for the first six items assessing informational, emotional, and instrumental support. The last item on structural support demonstrated inadequate factor loadings, suggesting its removal. CFA confirmed a well-fit one-factor structure for the 6-item ESSI. Hypothesis testing showed positive correlations with the SCSES-v3.0 and SC-CII-v4.c scales. Cronbach’s α coefficient improved from 0.88 for the 7-item to 0.91 for the 6-item ESSI. Both the 7-item and the 6-item scales exhibited excellent test-retest reliability. Conclusions: Our study affirms the strong validity and reliability of the ESSI in the Thai population with chronic illnesses. The ESSI is deemed appropriate for evaluating social support in the context of chronic illness self-care.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013224001364Chronic illnessReliabilitySelf-careSocial supportValidity
spellingShingle Santi Phetrnui
Jom Suwanno
Chantira Chiaranai
Chonchanok Bunsuk
Naruebeth Koson
Wanna Kumanjan
Chennet Phonphet
Ladda Thiamwong
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
International Journal of Nursing Sciences
Chronic illness
Reliability
Self-care
Social support
Validity
title Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
title_full Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
title_fullStr Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
title_full_unstemmed Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
title_short Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Thai version of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Social Support Inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
title_sort cross cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the thai version of the enhancing recovery in coronary heart disease social support inventory in individuals with chronic illnesses
topic Chronic illness
Reliability
Self-care
Social support
Validity
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352013224001364
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