Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe
<p>Evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary production (GPP) are critical fluxes contributing to the energy, water, and carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and the land surface. Land surface models such as the Community Land Model v5 (CLM5) quantify these fluxes, estimate the state of car...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Geoscientific Model Development |
| Online Access: | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/287/2025/gmd-18-287-2025.pdf |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832592595995328512 |
|---|---|
| author | C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán B. S. Naz B. S. Naz H. Vereecken H. Vereecken R. Baatz R. A. Fisher H.-J. Hendricks Franssen H.-J. Hendricks Franssen |
| author_facet | C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán B. S. Naz B. S. Naz H. Vereecken H. Vereecken R. Baatz R. A. Fisher H.-J. Hendricks Franssen H.-J. Hendricks Franssen |
| author_sort | C. Poppe Terán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary production (GPP) are critical fluxes contributing to the energy, water, and carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and the land surface. Land surface models such as the Community Land Model v5 (CLM5) quantify these fluxes, estimate the state of carbon budgets and water resources, and contribute to a better understanding of climate change's impact on ecosystems. Past studies have shown the ability of CLM5 to model ET and GPP magnitudes well but emphasized systematic underestimations and lower variability than in the observations.</p>
<p>Here, we evaluated CLM5's predictions of water and energy fluxes using observations from eddy covariance stations from the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS), remote sensing, and reanalysis data sets. We assess simulated ET and GPP from the grid scale (CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>grid</sub></span>) and the plant functional type (PFT) scale (CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span>). CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span> exhibited a low systematic error in simulating the ET at the ICOS sites (average bias of <span class="inline-formula">−4.68</span> %), indicating that PFT-specific ET closely matches the observations' magnitude. GPP was underestimated by CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span>, especially in deciduous forests (bias of <span class="inline-formula">−43.76</span> %). The results showed an underestimation of the spatiotemporal variability in the simulated ET and GPP distribution moments across PFTs for both CLM setups compared to reanalysis data and remote-sensing products. These findings provide essential insights for improving land surface models, highlighting the need to enhance the CLM5's ability to capture the spatiotemporal variability in ET and GPP simulations across PFTs.</p> |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-beee770e6f844bd39ad4d9cf100b29cf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1991-959X 1991-9603 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geoscientific Model Development |
| spelling | doaj-art-beee770e6f844bd39ad4d9cf100b29cf2025-01-21T07:25:12ZengCopernicus PublicationsGeoscientific Model Development1991-959X1991-96032025-01-011828731710.5194/gmd-18-287-2025Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over EuropeC. Poppe Terán0C. Poppe Terán1C. Poppe Terán2B. S. Naz3B. S. Naz4H. Vereecken5H. Vereecken6R. Baatz7R. A. Fisher8H.-J. Hendricks Franssen9H.-J. Hendricks Franssen10Institute of Bio and Geosciences – Agrosphere (IBG-3), Research Centre Jülich, 52428 Jülich, GermanyFaculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering, RWTH Aachen, 52062 Aachen, GermanyHPSC TerrSys, Geoverbund ABC/J, 52428 Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Bio and Geosciences – Agrosphere (IBG-3), Research Centre Jülich, 52428 Jülich, GermanyHPSC TerrSys, Geoverbund ABC/J, 52428 Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Bio and Geosciences – Agrosphere (IBG-3), Research Centre Jülich, 52428 Jülich, GermanyHPSC TerrSys, Geoverbund ABC/J, 52428 Jülich, GermanyResearch Platform Data Analysis & Simulation, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), 15374 Müncheberg, GermanyCICERO Center for International Climate Research, 0349 Oslo, NorwayInstitute of Bio and Geosciences – Agrosphere (IBG-3), Research Centre Jülich, 52428 Jülich, GermanyHPSC TerrSys, Geoverbund ABC/J, 52428 Jülich, Germany<p>Evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary production (GPP) are critical fluxes contributing to the energy, water, and carbon exchanges between the atmosphere and the land surface. Land surface models such as the Community Land Model v5 (CLM5) quantify these fluxes, estimate the state of carbon budgets and water resources, and contribute to a better understanding of climate change's impact on ecosystems. Past studies have shown the ability of CLM5 to model ET and GPP magnitudes well but emphasized systematic underestimations and lower variability than in the observations.</p> <p>Here, we evaluated CLM5's predictions of water and energy fluxes using observations from eddy covariance stations from the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS), remote sensing, and reanalysis data sets. We assess simulated ET and GPP from the grid scale (CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>grid</sub></span>) and the plant functional type (PFT) scale (CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span>). CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span> exhibited a low systematic error in simulating the ET at the ICOS sites (average bias of <span class="inline-formula">−4.68</span> %), indicating that PFT-specific ET closely matches the observations' magnitude. GPP was underestimated by CLM5<span class="inline-formula"><sub>PFT</sub></span>, especially in deciduous forests (bias of <span class="inline-formula">−43.76</span> %). The results showed an underestimation of the spatiotemporal variability in the simulated ET and GPP distribution moments across PFTs for both CLM setups compared to reanalysis data and remote-sensing products. These findings provide essential insights for improving land surface models, highlighting the need to enhance the CLM5's ability to capture the spatiotemporal variability in ET and GPP simulations across PFTs.</p>https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/287/2025/gmd-18-287-2025.pdf |
| spellingShingle | C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán C. Poppe Terán B. S. Naz B. S. Naz H. Vereecken H. Vereecken R. Baatz R. A. Fisher H.-J. Hendricks Franssen H.-J. Hendricks Franssen Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe Geoscientific Model Development |
| title | Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe |
| title_full | Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe |
| title_fullStr | Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe |
| title_short | Systematic underestimation of type-specific ecosystem process variability in the Community Land Model v5 over Europe |
| title_sort | systematic underestimation of type specific ecosystem process variability in the community land model v5 over europe |
| url | https://gmd.copernicus.org/articles/18/287/2025/gmd-18-287-2025.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cpoppeteran systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT cpoppeteran systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT cpoppeteran systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT bsnaz systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT bsnaz systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT hvereecken systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT hvereecken systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT rbaatz systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT rafisher systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT hjhendricksfranssen systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope AT hjhendricksfranssen systematicunderestimationoftypespecificecosystemprocessvariabilityinthecommunitylandmodelv5overeurope |