Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey
Hydroxymethylfurfural or 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) has been absent or found in honey naturally at very low amount. It is formed in honey mainly by heating process and improper storage conditions. HMF has been reported to have cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects and thus regula...
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Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/3318344 |
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| _version_ | 1832095416523423744 |
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| author | Elif Yıldız Abdullah Tahir Bayraç |
| author_facet | Elif Yıldız Abdullah Tahir Bayraç |
| author_sort | Elif Yıldız |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydroxymethylfurfural or 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) has been absent or found in honey naturally at very low amount. It is formed in honey mainly by heating process and improper storage conditions. HMF has been reported to have cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects and thus regulatory agencies in many countries impose restrictions on its maximum levels in honey. Validated methods have been required for effective and specific detection and quantification of HMF in food samples. In this study, a single laboratory validation study was conducted on four quantification methods: direct spectral analysis, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, Seliwanoff and Winkler methods. All methods showed linearity with the lowest R2 value of 0.992. Two method performance parameters, accuracy, and precision were satisfied by each four methods with recovery values at 98.2%, 100.2%, 102.5% and 103.3% and RSDr (relative standard deviation) % values at 6.97%, 6.19%, 2.87% and 0.90% for spectral analysis, Seliwanoff, HPLC and Winkler methods, respectively. Based on the measurement uncertainties of four quantification methods, honey samples spiked with HMF at the final concentration of 0.004mg/0.1g were reported as 0.004 mg/0.1g ± 0.00025 mg/0.1g by spectral analysis, 0.0036 mg/0.1g ± 0.000691 mg/0.1g by Seliwanoff method, 0.004 mg/0.1g ± 0.00045 mg/0.1g by HPLC and 0.0039 mg/0.1g ± 0.00022 mg/0.1g by Winkler methods (k=2, confidence level of 95%). The validated methods can quantify HMF in honey with a target concentration of 0.004 mg/0.1g, specifically and accurately. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be5d725d63a74c5ca7e5f13215358a24 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2757-5195 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-be5d725d63a74c5ca7e5f13215358a242025-02-05T18:13:03ZengÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityJournal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences2757-51952024-03-01101455910.28979/jarnas.1340071453Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in HoneyElif Yıldız0https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5026-7472Abdullah Tahir Bayraç1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8049-7867University of BirminghamKaramanoğlu Mehmetbey ÜniversitesiHydroxymethylfurfural or 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde (HMF) has been absent or found in honey naturally at very low amount. It is formed in honey mainly by heating process and improper storage conditions. HMF has been reported to have cytotoxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic effects and thus regulatory agencies in many countries impose restrictions on its maximum levels in honey. Validated methods have been required for effective and specific detection and quantification of HMF in food samples. In this study, a single laboratory validation study was conducted on four quantification methods: direct spectral analysis, High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis, Seliwanoff and Winkler methods. All methods showed linearity with the lowest R2 value of 0.992. Two method performance parameters, accuracy, and precision were satisfied by each four methods with recovery values at 98.2%, 100.2%, 102.5% and 103.3% and RSDr (relative standard deviation) % values at 6.97%, 6.19%, 2.87% and 0.90% for spectral analysis, Seliwanoff, HPLC and Winkler methods, respectively. Based on the measurement uncertainties of four quantification methods, honey samples spiked with HMF at the final concentration of 0.004mg/0.1g were reported as 0.004 mg/0.1g ± 0.00025 mg/0.1g by spectral analysis, 0.0036 mg/0.1g ± 0.000691 mg/0.1g by Seliwanoff method, 0.004 mg/0.1g ± 0.00045 mg/0.1g by HPLC and 0.0039 mg/0.1g ± 0.00022 mg/0.1g by Winkler methods (k=2, confidence level of 95%). The validated methods can quantify HMF in honey with a target concentration of 0.004 mg/0.1g, specifically and accurately.https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/3318344hmfhoneymethod validationseliwanoffuncertainty |
| spellingShingle | Elif Yıldız Abdullah Tahir Bayraç Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences hmf honey method validation seliwanoff uncertainty |
| title | Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey |
| title_full | Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey |
| title_fullStr | Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey |
| title_full_unstemmed | Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey |
| title_short | Single Laboratory Validation of Four Methods for Quantification of HMF in Honey |
| title_sort | single laboratory validation of four methods for quantification of hmf in honey |
| topic | hmf honey method validation seliwanoff uncertainty |
| url | https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/3318344 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elifyıldız singlelaboratoryvalidationoffourmethodsforquantificationofhmfinhoney AT abdullahtahirbayrac singlelaboratoryvalidationoffourmethodsforquantificationofhmfinhoney |