Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review

With the rapid expansion of social media and e-commerce platforms, an unprecedented volume of user-generated content has emerged, offering organizations, governments, and researchers invaluable insights into public sentiment. Yet, the vast and unstructured nature of this data challenges traditional...

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Main Authors: Mahander Kumar, Lal Khan, Hsien-Tsung Chang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: PeerJ Inc. 2025-01-01
Series:PeerJ Computer Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://peerj.com/articles/cs-2592.pdf
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author Mahander Kumar
Lal Khan
Hsien-Tsung Chang
author_facet Mahander Kumar
Lal Khan
Hsien-Tsung Chang
author_sort Mahander Kumar
collection DOAJ
description With the rapid expansion of social media and e-commerce platforms, an unprecedented volume of user-generated content has emerged, offering organizations, governments, and researchers invaluable insights into public sentiment. Yet, the vast and unstructured nature of this data challenges traditional analysis methods. Sentiment analysis, a specialized field within natural language processing, has evolved to meet these challenges by automating the detection and categorization of opinions and emotions in text. This review comprehensively examines the evolving techniques in sentiment analysis, detailing foundational processes such as data gathering and feature extraction. It explores a spectrum of methodologies, from classical word embedding techniques and machine learning algorithms to recent contextual embedding and advanced transformer models like Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), and T5. With a critical comparison of these methods, this article highlights their appropriate uses and limitations. Additionally, the review provides a thorough overview of current trends, insights into future directions, and a critical exploration of unresolved challenges. By synthesizing these developments, this review equips researchers with a solid foundation for assessing the current state of sentiment analysis and guiding future advancements in this dynamic field.
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spelling doaj-art-be41626592a8429b875cb496c8ea90062025-01-30T15:05:13ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ Computer Science2376-59922025-01-0111e259210.7717/peerj-cs.2592Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive reviewMahander Kumar0Lal Khan1Hsien-Tsung Chang2Department of Computer Science, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi, Balochistan, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science, IBADAT Internationl University Islamabad, Pakpattan Campus, PakistanDepartment of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanWith the rapid expansion of social media and e-commerce platforms, an unprecedented volume of user-generated content has emerged, offering organizations, governments, and researchers invaluable insights into public sentiment. Yet, the vast and unstructured nature of this data challenges traditional analysis methods. Sentiment analysis, a specialized field within natural language processing, has evolved to meet these challenges by automating the detection and categorization of opinions and emotions in text. This review comprehensively examines the evolving techniques in sentiment analysis, detailing foundational processes such as data gathering and feature extraction. It explores a spectrum of methodologies, from classical word embedding techniques and machine learning algorithms to recent contextual embedding and advanced transformer models like Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), and T5. With a critical comparison of these methods, this article highlights their appropriate uses and limitations. Additionally, the review provides a thorough overview of current trends, insights into future directions, and a critical exploration of unresolved challenges. By synthesizing these developments, this review equips researchers with a solid foundation for assessing the current state of sentiment analysis and guiding future advancements in this dynamic field.https://peerj.com/articles/cs-2592.pdfSentiment analysisNatural language processingSocial media
spellingShingle Mahander Kumar
Lal Khan
Hsien-Tsung Chang
Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
PeerJ Computer Science
Sentiment analysis
Natural language processing
Social media
title Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
title_full Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
title_fullStr Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
title_full_unstemmed Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
title_short Evolving techniques in sentiment analysis: a comprehensive review
title_sort evolving techniques in sentiment analysis a comprehensive review
topic Sentiment analysis
Natural language processing
Social media
url https://peerj.com/articles/cs-2592.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT mahanderkumar evolvingtechniquesinsentimentanalysisacomprehensivereview
AT lalkhan evolvingtechniquesinsentimentanalysisacomprehensivereview
AT hsientsungchang evolvingtechniquesinsentimentanalysisacomprehensivereview