Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering
Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability worldwide, challenging current treatments to limited cartilage self-healing capacity. Cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) integrates cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules, with Insulin being utilized as a differentiation biomolecule due to cost-effe...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925000350 |
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| author | Afsaneh Jahani Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh Ali Moradi Marzieh Mohammadi Lobat Tayebi |
| author_facet | Afsaneh Jahani Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh Ali Moradi Marzieh Mohammadi Lobat Tayebi |
| author_sort | Afsaneh Jahani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Osteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability worldwide, challenging current treatments to limited cartilage self-healing capacity. Cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) integrates cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules, with Insulin being utilized as a differentiation biomolecule due to cost-effectiveness, dose-dependent influence on chondrogenesis, suitable biological activity, and ability to activate relevant receptors. Yet, administering differentiation biomolecules through conventional scaffolds poses a persistent challenge. Alginate (Alg) is commonly employed in CTE for its biocompatibility, though it lacks sufficient mechanical properties. Chitosan (Cs), while enhancing scaffold mechanical properties, but does not independently provide optimal support for chondrogenesis. While Alg-Cs scaffolds have garnered attention, challenges persist in achieving sustained differentiation biomolecules delivery and attaining suboptimal structural and biological properties for cartilage regeneration. This study utilizes advanced scaffolds by employing three dimensional (3D) printing technique to create Insulin-loaded Alg-Cs scaffolds, examining their structural, mechanical, and release properties, and assessing cell viability and chondrogenic differentiation through markers like COL1A1, COL2A1, SOX9 and ACAN. Following a 30-day implantation period, we also evaluate histological parameters. The findings revealed that the incorporation of a 20 (μg/ml) dose of Insulin into Alg-Cs 3D-printed scaffolds significantly enhanced the expression of these markers, indicating improved chondrogenic potential for cartilage regeneration. Histological analysis confirmed favorable biocompatibility and structural integrity of Insulin-loaded pure Alg and Alg-Cs scaffolds at drug loading levels of up to 20 and 10 μg, respectively. The hypothesis suggests that these advanced scaffolds can achieve controlled Insulin release, enhancing cartilage regeneration. This research aims to develop to yield mechanically optimized, bioactive 3D-printed scaffolds for regulated delivery of Insulin to promote cartilage regeneration. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be3a0539292b4213b428411950497b07 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-8939 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications |
| spelling | doaj-art-be3a0539292b4213b428411950497b072025-02-08T05:01:28ZengElsevierCarbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications2666-89392025-03-019100696Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineeringAfsaneh Jahani0Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh1Ali Moradi2Marzieh Mohammadi3Lobat Tayebi4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, IranFaculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan. Iran; Corresponding author at: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran P.O. Box 35196-45399, Semnan, Iran.Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran; Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Corresponding author at: Clinical Research Development Unit, Ghaem Hospital, Orthopedic Research Center, P.O. Box 9138813944, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Iran.Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMarquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA; Institute for Engineering in Medicine, Health & Human Performance (EnMed), Batten College of Engineering and Technology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USAOsteoarthritis is a leading cause of disability worldwide, challenging current treatments to limited cartilage self-healing capacity. Cartilage tissue engineering (CTE) integrates cells, scaffolds, and signaling molecules, with Insulin being utilized as a differentiation biomolecule due to cost-effectiveness, dose-dependent influence on chondrogenesis, suitable biological activity, and ability to activate relevant receptors. Yet, administering differentiation biomolecules through conventional scaffolds poses a persistent challenge. Alginate (Alg) is commonly employed in CTE for its biocompatibility, though it lacks sufficient mechanical properties. Chitosan (Cs), while enhancing scaffold mechanical properties, but does not independently provide optimal support for chondrogenesis. While Alg-Cs scaffolds have garnered attention, challenges persist in achieving sustained differentiation biomolecules delivery and attaining suboptimal structural and biological properties for cartilage regeneration. This study utilizes advanced scaffolds by employing three dimensional (3D) printing technique to create Insulin-loaded Alg-Cs scaffolds, examining their structural, mechanical, and release properties, and assessing cell viability and chondrogenic differentiation through markers like COL1A1, COL2A1, SOX9 and ACAN. Following a 30-day implantation period, we also evaluate histological parameters. The findings revealed that the incorporation of a 20 (μg/ml) dose of Insulin into Alg-Cs 3D-printed scaffolds significantly enhanced the expression of these markers, indicating improved chondrogenic potential for cartilage regeneration. Histological analysis confirmed favorable biocompatibility and structural integrity of Insulin-loaded pure Alg and Alg-Cs scaffolds at drug loading levels of up to 20 and 10 μg, respectively. The hypothesis suggests that these advanced scaffolds can achieve controlled Insulin release, enhancing cartilage regeneration. This research aims to develop to yield mechanically optimized, bioactive 3D-printed scaffolds for regulated delivery of Insulin to promote cartilage regeneration.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925000350Insulin3D-printed scaffoldAlginateChitosanCartilage tissue engineering |
| spellingShingle | Afsaneh Jahani Mohammad Sadegh Nourbakhsh Ali Moradi Marzieh Mohammadi Lobat Tayebi Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering Carbohydrate Polymer Technologies and Applications Insulin 3D-printed scaffold Alginate Chitosan Cartilage tissue engineering |
| title | Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| title_full | Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| title_fullStr | Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| title_short | Incorporating insulin into alginate-chitosan 3D-printed scaffolds: A comprehensive study on structure, mechanics, and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| title_sort | incorporating insulin into alginate chitosan 3d printed scaffolds a comprehensive study on structure mechanics and biocompatibility for cartilage tissue engineering |
| topic | Insulin 3D-printed scaffold Alginate Chitosan Cartilage tissue engineering |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666893925000350 |
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