The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis
Abstract Introduction The relationship between 24-h movement behaviours (i.e. sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) and adiposity in preschoolers remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in preschoolers mak...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21217-x |
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| author | Marga Decraene Kar Hau Chong Ty Stanford Dorothea Dumuid Penny Cross Greet Cardon Vera Verbestel Marieke De Craemer Anthony Okely |
| author_facet | Marga Decraene Kar Hau Chong Ty Stanford Dorothea Dumuid Penny Cross Greet Cardon Vera Verbestel Marieke De Craemer Anthony Okely |
| author_sort | Marga Decraene |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction The relationship between 24-h movement behaviours (i.e. sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) and adiposity in preschoolers remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in preschoolers making use of compositional data analysis (CoDA). Methods Australian preschoolers (3–5 years) from the Early Start Baseline Study wore an ActiGraph accelerometer to assess sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Their weight and height were measured using standardized protocols and converted to Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores using the World Health Organisation growth references. Their parents completed a questionnaire to assess their level of education and the child’s sleep duration, age and sex. CoDA was employed to investigate the association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in R. Results This study included 169 preschoolers and their overall 24-h movement behaviour composition was associated with BMI z-scores (F = 5.02, p = 0.002). When examining the association between each movement behaviour relative to the others and BMI z-scores, we observed a statistically significant favourable association for sleep (p = 0.025) and unfavourable association for MVPA (p = 0.010), but not for the other behaviours. As such, reallocating 10 min from sleep or from MVPA, proportionally to all other behaviours was associated with a difference of + 0.031 (95%CI = 0.004,0.06) and -0.085 (95%CI = -0.15,-0.02) in BMI z-score, respectively. Conclusion Despite the association between more time spent in MVPA and higher BMI z-scores, promoting a balanced amount of time in each 24-h movement behaviour—more MVPA, less sedentary time, and sufficient sleep—remains important for overall health. Future studies should address methodological challenges (e.g. recruitment bias that may exist in the parents/children willing to participate versus the general population, recall bias in parent reported sleep duration, or other confounding variables such as diet), use larger and more diverse samples, and consider longitudinal designs. Additionally, focusing on other adiposity indicators, such as waist-to-height ratio or fat percentage, could enhance understanding of these relationships. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-be04abf40414459ca68fd655e2450bcf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-be04abf40414459ca68fd655e2450bcf2025-02-02T12:45:32ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-01-0125111210.1186/s12889-024-21217-xThe association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysisMarga Decraene0Kar Hau Chong1Ty Stanford2Dorothea Dumuid3Penny Cross4Greet Cardon5Vera Verbestel6Marieke De Craemer7Anthony Okely8Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent UniversityEarly Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of WollongongAllied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South AustraliaAllied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), University of South AustraliaResearch Services Office, Research and Innovation Division, University of WollongongDepartment of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent UniversityInstitute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Science, Maastricht UniversityDepartment of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent UniversityEarly Start, Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of WollongongAbstract Introduction The relationship between 24-h movement behaviours (i.e. sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) and adiposity in preschoolers remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in preschoolers making use of compositional data analysis (CoDA). Methods Australian preschoolers (3–5 years) from the Early Start Baseline Study wore an ActiGraph accelerometer to assess sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Their weight and height were measured using standardized protocols and converted to Body Mass Index (BMI) z-scores using the World Health Organisation growth references. Their parents completed a questionnaire to assess their level of education and the child’s sleep duration, age and sex. CoDA was employed to investigate the association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity in R. Results This study included 169 preschoolers and their overall 24-h movement behaviour composition was associated with BMI z-scores (F = 5.02, p = 0.002). When examining the association between each movement behaviour relative to the others and BMI z-scores, we observed a statistically significant favourable association for sleep (p = 0.025) and unfavourable association for MVPA (p = 0.010), but not for the other behaviours. As such, reallocating 10 min from sleep or from MVPA, proportionally to all other behaviours was associated with a difference of + 0.031 (95%CI = 0.004,0.06) and -0.085 (95%CI = -0.15,-0.02) in BMI z-score, respectively. Conclusion Despite the association between more time spent in MVPA and higher BMI z-scores, promoting a balanced amount of time in each 24-h movement behaviour—more MVPA, less sedentary time, and sufficient sleep—remains important for overall health. Future studies should address methodological challenges (e.g. recruitment bias that may exist in the parents/children willing to participate versus the general population, recall bias in parent reported sleep duration, or other confounding variables such as diet), use larger and more diverse samples, and consider longitudinal designs. Additionally, focusing on other adiposity indicators, such as waist-to-height ratio or fat percentage, could enhance understanding of these relationships.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21217-x24-hour movement behaviourPreschoolerAdiposityOverweightCompositional data analysis |
| spellingShingle | Marga Decraene Kar Hau Chong Ty Stanford Dorothea Dumuid Penny Cross Greet Cardon Vera Verbestel Marieke De Craemer Anthony Okely The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis BMC Public Health 24-hour movement behaviour Preschooler Adiposity Overweight Compositional data analysis |
| title | The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis |
| title_full | The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis |
| title_fullStr | The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis |
| title_short | The association between 24-h movement behaviours and adiposity among Australian preschoolers: a compositional data analysis |
| title_sort | association between 24 h movement behaviours and adiposity among australian preschoolers a compositional data analysis |
| topic | 24-hour movement behaviour Preschooler Adiposity Overweight Compositional data analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21217-x |
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