Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease
Excess sodium intake is a leading but modifiable risk factor for mortality, with implications on hypertension, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review will focus mainly on the limitations of current measurement methods of sodium balance particularly in pat...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nephrology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7562357 |
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| author | Kylie Martin Sven-Jean Tan Nigel D. Toussaint |
| author_facet | Kylie Martin Sven-Jean Tan Nigel D. Toussaint |
| author_sort | Kylie Martin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Excess sodium intake is a leading but modifiable risk factor for mortality, with implications on hypertension, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review will focus mainly on the limitations of current measurement methods of sodium balance particularly in patients with CKD who have complex sodium physiology. The suboptimal accuracy of sodium intake and excretion measurement is seemingly more marked with the evolving understanding of tissue (skin and muscle) sodium. Tissue sodium represents an extrarenal influence on sodium homeostasis with demonstrated clinical associations of hypertension and inflammation. Measurement of tissue sodium has been largely unexplored in patients with CKD. Development and adoption of more comprehensive and dynamic assessment of body sodium balance is needed to better understand sodium physiology in the human body and explore therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes in the CKD population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdc92f0fd259438ab1d35beb26e03888 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-214X 2090-2158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Nephrology |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdc92f0fd259438ab1d35beb26e038882025-02-03T01:25:14ZengWileyInternational Journal of Nephrology2090-214X2090-21582021-01-01202110.1155/2021/75623577562357Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney DiseaseKylie Martin0Sven-Jean Tan1Nigel D. Toussaint2Department of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, AustraliaDepartment of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, AustraliaDepartment of Nephrology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3050, AustraliaExcess sodium intake is a leading but modifiable risk factor for mortality, with implications on hypertension, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review will focus mainly on the limitations of current measurement methods of sodium balance particularly in patients with CKD who have complex sodium physiology. The suboptimal accuracy of sodium intake and excretion measurement is seemingly more marked with the evolving understanding of tissue (skin and muscle) sodium. Tissue sodium represents an extrarenal influence on sodium homeostasis with demonstrated clinical associations of hypertension and inflammation. Measurement of tissue sodium has been largely unexplored in patients with CKD. Development and adoption of more comprehensive and dynamic assessment of body sodium balance is needed to better understand sodium physiology in the human body and explore therapeutic strategies to improve the clinical outcomes in the CKD population.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7562357 |
| spellingShingle | Kylie Martin Sven-Jean Tan Nigel D. Toussaint Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease International Journal of Nephrology |
| title | Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full | Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_fullStr | Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_short | Total Body Sodium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease |
| title_sort | total body sodium balance in chronic kidney disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7562357 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kyliemartin totalbodysodiumbalanceinchronickidneydisease AT svenjeantan totalbodysodiumbalanceinchronickidneydisease AT nigeldtoussaint totalbodysodiumbalanceinchronickidneydisease |