The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer
The development of hepatic metastases is the leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and substantial research efforts have been focused on elucidating the intricate mechanisms by which tumor cells successfully migrate to, invade, and ultimately colonize the liver parenchyma. Rece...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Gastro Hep Advances |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324001328 |
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| author | Austin R. Dosch Mary P. Martos Samara Singh Karishma Kodia Nipun B. Merchant Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli |
| author_facet | Austin R. Dosch Mary P. Martos Samara Singh Karishma Kodia Nipun B. Merchant Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli |
| author_sort | Austin R. Dosch |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of hepatic metastases is the leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and substantial research efforts have been focused on elucidating the intricate mechanisms by which tumor cells successfully migrate to, invade, and ultimately colonize the liver parenchyma. Recent evidence has shown that perturbations in myeloid biology occur early in cancer development, characterized by the initial expansion of specific innate immune populations that promote tumor growth and facilitate metastases. This review summarizes the pathophysiology underlying the proliferation of myeloid cells that occurs with incipient neoplasia and explores the role of innate immune-host interactions, specifically granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular traps, in promoting hepatic colonization by tumor cells through the formation of the “premetastatic niche”. We further summarize the role of additional myeloid subpopulations such as monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets, and eosinophils on promoting disease metastases in GI cancers. Lastly, we describe burgeoning therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting specific myeloid populations to reduce liver metastases and highlight the inherent challenges that exist in studying the efficacy of these treatments in preclinical models. As the inception and outgrowth of liver metastases are primary drivers of prognosis in GI malignancies; further research into the complex mechanisms involved in this critical process is urgently needed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc6dfa1b3d8c44b391891f57915b1450 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2772-5723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gastro Hep Advances |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc6dfa1b3d8c44b391891f57915b14502025-01-18T05:05:33ZengElsevierGastro Hep Advances2772-57232025-01-0141100538The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal CancerAustin R. Dosch0Mary P. Martos1Samara Singh2Karishma Kodia3Nipun B. Merchant4Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli5Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida; Correspondence: Address correspondence to: Austin R. Dosch, MD, PhD, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1550 NW 10th Ave., FOX140L, Miami, Florida 33136.Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FloridaDepartment of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FloridaDepartment of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FloridaDepartment of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FloridaDepartment of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FloridaThe development of hepatic metastases is the leading cause of mortality in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers and substantial research efforts have been focused on elucidating the intricate mechanisms by which tumor cells successfully migrate to, invade, and ultimately colonize the liver parenchyma. Recent evidence has shown that perturbations in myeloid biology occur early in cancer development, characterized by the initial expansion of specific innate immune populations that promote tumor growth and facilitate metastases. This review summarizes the pathophysiology underlying the proliferation of myeloid cells that occurs with incipient neoplasia and explores the role of innate immune-host interactions, specifically granulocytes and neutrophil extracellular traps, in promoting hepatic colonization by tumor cells through the formation of the “premetastatic niche”. We further summarize the role of additional myeloid subpopulations such as monocytes and macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets, and eosinophils on promoting disease metastases in GI cancers. Lastly, we describe burgeoning therapeutic approaches aimed at targeting specific myeloid populations to reduce liver metastases and highlight the inherent challenges that exist in studying the efficacy of these treatments in preclinical models. As the inception and outgrowth of liver metastases are primary drivers of prognosis in GI malignancies; further research into the complex mechanisms involved in this critical process is urgently needed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324001328Tumor microenvironmentHepatic metastasesGranulocytesNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)Colorectal cancerPancreatic cancer |
| spellingShingle | Austin R. Dosch Mary P. Martos Samara Singh Karishma Kodia Nipun B. Merchant Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer Gastro Hep Advances Tumor microenvironment Hepatic metastases Granulocytes Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) Colorectal cancer Pancreatic cancer |
| title | The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer |
| title_full | The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer |
| title_short | The Role of Myeloid Cells on the Development of Hepatic Metastases in Gastrointestinal Cancer |
| title_sort | role of myeloid cells on the development of hepatic metastases in gastrointestinal cancer |
| topic | Tumor microenvironment Hepatic metastases Granulocytes Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) Colorectal cancer Pancreatic cancer |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772572324001328 |
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