Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations
Abstract The investigation into the cooling and heating duration is crucial for evaluating the aftermath of a fire incident. This study comprehensively analyzes the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of red sandstone under high temperatures, heating, and cooling conditions, with temperature...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87925-5 |
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| author | Mingze Qin Yue Su Xiaolan Wang Huawu Niu Yifan Zhang Dongxu Zhang Nan Qin |
| author_facet | Mingze Qin Yue Su Xiaolan Wang Huawu Niu Yifan Zhang Dongxu Zhang Nan Qin |
| author_sort | Mingze Qin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The investigation into the cooling and heating duration is crucial for evaluating the aftermath of a fire incident. This study comprehensively analyzes the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of red sandstone under high temperatures, heating, and cooling conditions, with temperatures ranging from 200 to 800 °C and heating/cooling durations ranging from 0.75 to 3 h and 0.5 to 54 h, respectively XRD and SEM techniques were employed to investigate mineral composition and microstructural changes. Multifactorial experiments explored the impact of these conditions on the rock’s physical properties and assessed mechanical properties such as peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus. Data fitting with MATLAB was used to construct a damage constitutive model. The findings show that elevated temperatures and prolonged heating significantly alter the microstructure and composition of red sandstone, including pore formation, void development, and structural modifications. Heating induces cracking, voids, and chemical reactions, with extended exposure leading to changes in feldspar minerals (K/Ca/Na). Temperature-dependent physical properties exhibit mass loss and density decline. Mechanical properties are substantially affected, with peak stress decreasing from 40 MPa to 6.94 MPa, and variations in peak strain and elastic modulus. Thermal stress at specific temperatures notably enhances compressive strength. The newly established constitutive model has an error within 5% compared to actual experimental results. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbe721f650514c7b862d6eb649e91bca |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbe721f650514c7b862d6eb649e91bca2025-02-02T12:20:30ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115112510.1038/s41598-025-87925-5Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durationsMingze Qin0Yue Su1Xiaolan Wang2Huawu Niu3Yifan Zhang4Dongxu Zhang5Nan Qin6School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and TechnologySchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyMount Taishan Vocational and Technical CollegeMount Taishan Vocational and Technical CollegeSchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and TechnologySchool of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyLiaoning Technical University Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mining Environment and Disaster MechanicsAbstract The investigation into the cooling and heating duration is crucial for evaluating the aftermath of a fire incident. This study comprehensively analyzes the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of red sandstone under high temperatures, heating, and cooling conditions, with temperatures ranging from 200 to 800 °C and heating/cooling durations ranging from 0.75 to 3 h and 0.5 to 54 h, respectively XRD and SEM techniques were employed to investigate mineral composition and microstructural changes. Multifactorial experiments explored the impact of these conditions on the rock’s physical properties and assessed mechanical properties such as peak stress, peak strain, and elastic modulus. Data fitting with MATLAB was used to construct a damage constitutive model. The findings show that elevated temperatures and prolonged heating significantly alter the microstructure and composition of red sandstone, including pore formation, void development, and structural modifications. Heating induces cracking, voids, and chemical reactions, with extended exposure leading to changes in feldspar minerals (K/Ca/Na). Temperature-dependent physical properties exhibit mass loss and density decline. Mechanical properties are substantially affected, with peak stress decreasing from 40 MPa to 6.94 MPa, and variations in peak strain and elastic modulus. Thermal stress at specific temperatures notably enhances compressive strength. The newly established constitutive model has an error within 5% compared to actual experimental results.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87925-5Heating and cooling timeMicroscopic damageMultifactorialConstitutive model |
| spellingShingle | Mingze Qin Yue Su Xiaolan Wang Huawu Niu Yifan Zhang Dongxu Zhang Nan Qin Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations Scientific Reports Heating and cooling time Microscopic damage Multifactorial Constitutive model |
| title | Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| title_full | Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| title_fullStr | Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| title_short | Microscopic damage evolution and physical–mechanical behavior of high-temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| title_sort | microscopic damage evolution and physical mechanical behavior of high temperature red sandstone under varying heating and cooling durations |
| topic | Heating and cooling time Microscopic damage Multifactorial Constitutive model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87925-5 |
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