Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa
Marine invertebrates constitute a diverse group of marine organisms beneficial to humanity due to their therapeutic significance. The marine sponge species Psammaplysilla sp. 1 was collected from Philips Reef, South Africa, over a four-season period and assayed for antimicrobial potential. The physi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7568493 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832563314254675968 |
|---|---|
| author | Wasswa Cuthbert Kibungu Justine Fri Anna-Maria Clarke Anthony Otigbu Henry Akum Njom |
| author_facet | Wasswa Cuthbert Kibungu Justine Fri Anna-Maria Clarke Anthony Otigbu Henry Akum Njom |
| author_sort | Wasswa Cuthbert Kibungu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine invertebrates constitute a diverse group of marine organisms beneficial to humanity due to their therapeutic significance. The marine sponge species Psammaplysilla sp. 1 was collected from Philips Reef, South Africa, over a four-season period and assayed for antimicrobial potential. The physicochemical parameters of the collection site were also recorded. The sponge crude extracts’ antimicrobial activity was evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay against 5 pathogens. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of 7 critical phytochemical groups. During the four seasons, the mean water temperature was 17.35°C ± 2.06, with autumn recording the highest (20°C) temperature. Antifungal activity was observed by Psammaplysilla sp. 1 (30 mm) against C. albicans, and this was higher than that showed by standard drugs ICZ-10 µg (15 ± 0.1 mm), FLU-15 µg (21 ± 0.2 mm), and VCZ-5 µg (17 ± 0.1 mm), respectively. Similar bioactivities were observed seasonally with Psammaplysilla sp. 1 (22 mm and 24 mm) during autumn and spring, respectively, against C. difficile while only crude extracts collected in spring showed bioactivity against C. albicans. Psammaplysilla sp. crude extracts showed broad-spectrum bioactivity against all test pathogens. DCM : ME crude extracts tested positive for the presence of 2/7 of the phytochemicals (terpenoids and flavonoids). GC-MS revealed several previously reported biologically active compounds such bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-trien-7-ol and phenol, 2,6-dibromo, some of which have been found in plants. This study revealed that sponge bioactivity is dependent on the season and further validated the antimicrobial potential of South African marine sponges. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbd04483cb064df89ca4fe624935168a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-918X 1687-9198 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbd04483cb064df89ca4fe624935168a2025-02-03T01:20:33ZengWileyInternational Journal of Microbiology1687-918X1687-91982021-01-01202110.1155/2021/75684937568493Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South AfricaWasswa Cuthbert Kibungu0Justine Fri1Anna-Maria Clarke2Anthony Otigbu3Henry Akum Njom4Microbial Pathogenicity and Molecular Epidemiology Research Group (MPMERG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry &Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agriculture Science, North West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2375, South AfricaMicrobial Pathogenicity and Molecular Epidemiology Research Group (MPMERG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry &Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaMicrobial Pathogenicity and Molecular Epidemiology Research Group (MPMERG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry &Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaMicrobial Pathogenicity and Molecular Epidemiology Research Group (MPMERG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry &Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South AfricaMarine invertebrates constitute a diverse group of marine organisms beneficial to humanity due to their therapeutic significance. The marine sponge species Psammaplysilla sp. 1 was collected from Philips Reef, South Africa, over a four-season period and assayed for antimicrobial potential. The physicochemical parameters of the collection site were also recorded. The sponge crude extracts’ antimicrobial activity was evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay against 5 pathogens. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the presence of 7 critical phytochemical groups. During the four seasons, the mean water temperature was 17.35°C ± 2.06, with autumn recording the highest (20°C) temperature. Antifungal activity was observed by Psammaplysilla sp. 1 (30 mm) against C. albicans, and this was higher than that showed by standard drugs ICZ-10 µg (15 ± 0.1 mm), FLU-15 µg (21 ± 0.2 mm), and VCZ-5 µg (17 ± 0.1 mm), respectively. Similar bioactivities were observed seasonally with Psammaplysilla sp. 1 (22 mm and 24 mm) during autumn and spring, respectively, against C. difficile while only crude extracts collected in spring showed bioactivity against C. albicans. Psammaplysilla sp. crude extracts showed broad-spectrum bioactivity against all test pathogens. DCM : ME crude extracts tested positive for the presence of 2/7 of the phytochemicals (terpenoids and flavonoids). GC-MS revealed several previously reported biologically active compounds such bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-trien-7-ol and phenol, 2,6-dibromo, some of which have been found in plants. This study revealed that sponge bioactivity is dependent on the season and further validated the antimicrobial potential of South African marine sponges.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7568493 |
| spellingShingle | Wasswa Cuthbert Kibungu Justine Fri Anna-Maria Clarke Anthony Otigbu Henry Akum Njom Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa International Journal of Microbiology |
| title | Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa |
| title_full | Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa |
| title_short | Seasonal Variation in Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extracts of Psammaplysilla sp. 1 from Phillips Reef, South Africa |
| title_sort | seasonal variation in antimicrobial activity of crude extracts of psammaplysilla sp 1 from phillips reef south africa |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7568493 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wasswacuthbertkibungu seasonalvariationinantimicrobialactivityofcrudeextractsofpsammaplysillasp1fromphillipsreefsouthafrica AT justinefri seasonalvariationinantimicrobialactivityofcrudeextractsofpsammaplysillasp1fromphillipsreefsouthafrica AT annamariaclarke seasonalvariationinantimicrobialactivityofcrudeextractsofpsammaplysillasp1fromphillipsreefsouthafrica AT anthonyotigbu seasonalvariationinantimicrobialactivityofcrudeextractsofpsammaplysillasp1fromphillipsreefsouthafrica AT henryakumnjom seasonalvariationinantimicrobialactivityofcrudeextractsofpsammaplysillasp1fromphillipsreefsouthafrica |