Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits
ABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers and locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into wild populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 mil...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70781 |
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| author | Julia McMahon Samuel A. May Peter S. Rand Kristen B. Gorman Megan V. McPhee Peter A. H. Westley |
| author_facet | Julia McMahon Samuel A. May Peter S. Rand Kristen B. Gorman Megan V. McPhee Peter A. H. Westley |
| author_sort | Julia McMahon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers and locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into wild populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 million pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) are released annually from hatcheries, providing a natural experiment to characterize the mechanisms underlying impacts to wild populations. Using a dataset of > 200,000 pink salmon sampled from 30 populations over 8 years, we detected significant body size and phenological differences between hatchery‐ and wild‐origin spawners, likely driven by competitive differences during maturation and broodstock selection practices. Variation in traits was reduced in hatchery fish, raising biodiversity concerns. However, phenotypic traits of immigrants and locals were positively correlated. We discuss possible mechanisms that may explain this pattern and how it may reduce adverse impacts associated with reduced trait variation. This study suggests that domestication impacts are likely widespread, but local adaptation may be maintained by phenotypic sorting. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bb5bed98b84843e6b120622b0c0fcf48 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-7758 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj-art-bb5bed98b84843e6b120622b0c0fcf482025-01-29T05:08:41ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582025-01-01151n/an/a10.1002/ece3.70781Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated TraitsJulia McMahon0Samuel A. May1Peter S. Rand2Kristen B. Gorman3Megan V. McPhee4Peter A. H. Westley5College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USACollege of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USAPrince William Sound Science Center Cordova Alaska USACollege of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USACollege of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USACollege of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks Alaska USAABSTRACT Maladapted immigrants may reduce wild population productivity and resilience, depending on the degree of fitness mismatch between dispersers and locals. Thus, domesticated individuals escaping into wild populations is a key conservation concern. In Prince William Sound, Alaska, over 700 million pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) are released annually from hatcheries, providing a natural experiment to characterize the mechanisms underlying impacts to wild populations. Using a dataset of > 200,000 pink salmon sampled from 30 populations over 8 years, we detected significant body size and phenological differences between hatchery‐ and wild‐origin spawners, likely driven by competitive differences during maturation and broodstock selection practices. Variation in traits was reduced in hatchery fish, raising biodiversity concerns. However, phenotypic traits of immigrants and locals were positively correlated. We discuss possible mechanisms that may explain this pattern and how it may reduce adverse impacts associated with reduced trait variation. This study suggests that domestication impacts are likely widespread, but local adaptation may be maintained by phenotypic sorting.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70781dispersalhatchery–wild interactionshomingphenologyphenotypic sortingstraying |
| spellingShingle | Julia McMahon Samuel A. May Peter S. Rand Kristen B. Gorman Megan V. McPhee Peter A. H. Westley Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits Ecology and Evolution dispersal hatchery–wild interactions homing phenology phenotypic sorting straying |
| title | Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits |
| title_full | Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits |
| title_short | Phenotypic Sorting of Pink Salmon Hatchery Strays May Alleviate Adverse Impacts of Reduced Variation in Fitness‐Associated Traits |
| title_sort | phenotypic sorting of pink salmon hatchery strays may alleviate adverse impacts of reduced variation in fitness associated traits |
| topic | dispersal hatchery–wild interactions homing phenology phenotypic sorting straying |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70781 |
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