CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli
Immunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. Ho...
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 |
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| author | Thushari Gunawardana Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Kalhari Goonewardene Shelly Popowich Shanika Kurukulasuriya Ruwani Karunarathana Lisanework E. Ayalew Ashish Gupta Betty Lockerbie Marianna Foldvari Suresh K. Tikoo Philip Willson Susantha Gomis |
| author_facet | Thushari Gunawardana Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Kalhari Goonewardene Shelly Popowich Shanika Kurukulasuriya Ruwani Karunarathana Lisanework E. Ayalew Ashish Gupta Betty Lockerbie Marianna Foldvari Suresh K. Tikoo Philip Willson Susantha Gomis |
| author_sort | Thushari Gunawardana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Immunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. However, a causal relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and protective mechanisms remains unestablished. In this study, we investigated in ovo administered CpG-ODN-mediated immune cell recruitment in the immunological niches in lymphoid (spleen) and nonlymphoid (lungs) organs using various doses of CpG-ODN and examined whether the immunological profiles have any correlation with immunoprotection against E.coli infection. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs were injected with either 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg of CpG-ODN or saline (n=~40 per group). On the day of hatch (72 hr after CpG-ODN treatment), we collected the spleen and lungs (n=3‐4 per group) and examined the recruitment of macrophages/monocytes, their expression of MHCII and CD40, and the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets in the immunological niches in the spleen and lungs using flow cytometry. We observed the dose-dependent recruitment of immune cells, wherein 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN induced significant enrichment of immunological niches in both the spleen and the lungs. Four days after the CpG-ODN treatment (1-day after hatch), chicks were challenged with a virulent strain of E. coli (1×104 or 1×105 cfu, subcutaneously). Clinical outcome and mortality were monitored for 8 days postchallenge. We found that both 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN provided significant protection and reduced clinical scores compared to saline controls against E. coli infection. Overall, the present study revealed that CpG-ODNs orchestrate immunological niches in neonatal chickens in a dose-dependent manner that resulted in differential protection against E. coli infection, thus supporting a cause and effect relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and the antibacterial immunity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ba26294fc7074895b52c52eefc0e0555 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-ba26294fc7074895b52c52eefc0e05552025-02-03T06:00:11ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562020-01-01202010.1155/2020/27047282704728CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coliThushari Gunawardana0Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed1Kalhari Goonewardene2Shelly Popowich3Shanika Kurukulasuriya4Ruwani Karunarathana5Lisanework E. Ayalew6Ashish Gupta7Betty Lockerbie8Marianna Foldvari9Suresh K. Tikoo10Philip Willson11Susantha Gomis12Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaSchool of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, CanadaVaccinology and Immunotherapy, School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, CanadaCanadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, CanadaDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, CanadaImmunoprotective function of oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) has been demonstrated in neonatal chickens against common bacterial pathogens such as E.coli and Salmonella sp. Our recent study reported that CpG-ODN administration enriches immune compartments in neonatal chicks. However, a causal relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and protective mechanisms remains unestablished. In this study, we investigated in ovo administered CpG-ODN-mediated immune cell recruitment in the immunological niches in lymphoid (spleen) and nonlymphoid (lungs) organs using various doses of CpG-ODN and examined whether the immunological profiles have any correlation with immunoprotection against E.coli infection. Eighteen-day-old embryonated eggs were injected with either 5, 10, 25, and 50 μg of CpG-ODN or saline (n=~40 per group). On the day of hatch (72 hr after CpG-ODN treatment), we collected the spleen and lungs (n=3‐4 per group) and examined the recruitment of macrophages/monocytes, their expression of MHCII and CD40, and the number of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets in the immunological niches in the spleen and lungs using flow cytometry. We observed the dose-dependent recruitment of immune cells, wherein 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN induced significant enrichment of immunological niches in both the spleen and the lungs. Four days after the CpG-ODN treatment (1-day after hatch), chicks were challenged with a virulent strain of E. coli (1×104 or 1×105 cfu, subcutaneously). Clinical outcome and mortality were monitored for 8 days postchallenge. We found that both 25 μg and 50 μg of CpG-ODN provided significant protection and reduced clinical scores compared to saline controls against E. coli infection. Overall, the present study revealed that CpG-ODNs orchestrate immunological niches in neonatal chickens in a dose-dependent manner that resulted in differential protection against E. coli infection, thus supporting a cause and effect relationship between CpG-ODN-induced immune enrichment and the antibacterial immunity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 |
| spellingShingle | Thushari Gunawardana Khawaja Ashfaque Ahmed Kalhari Goonewardene Shelly Popowich Shanika Kurukulasuriya Ruwani Karunarathana Lisanework E. Ayalew Ashish Gupta Betty Lockerbie Marianna Foldvari Suresh K. Tikoo Philip Willson Susantha Gomis CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
| title_full | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
| title_fullStr | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
| title_full_unstemmed | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
| title_short | CpG-ODN Induces a Dose-Dependent Enrichment of Immunological Niches in the Spleen and Lungs of Neonatal Chicks That Correlates with the Protective Immunity against Escherichia coli |
| title_sort | cpg odn induces a dose dependent enrichment of immunological niches in the spleen and lungs of neonatal chicks that correlates with the protective immunity against escherichia coli |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2704728 |
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