Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation
A two-dimensional array of microfluidic ports with remote-controlled valve actuation is of great interest for applications involving localized chemical stimulation. Herein, a macroporous silicon-based platform where each pore contains an independently controllable valve made from poly(N-isopropylacr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/11/1/25 |
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| author | Nafis Mustakim Youngsik Song Sang-Woo Seo |
| author_facet | Nafis Mustakim Youngsik Song Sang-Woo Seo |
| author_sort | Nafis Mustakim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A two-dimensional array of microfluidic ports with remote-controlled valve actuation is of great interest for applications involving localized chemical stimulation. Herein, a macroporous silicon-based platform where each pore contains an independently controllable valve made from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes is proposed. These valves are coated with silica-encapsulated gold nanorods (GNRs) for NIR-actuated switching capability. The layer-by-layer (LBL) electrostatic deposition technique was used to attach the GNRs to the PNIPAM brushes. The deposition of GNRs was confirmed by dark-field optical microscopy, and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the deposited GNRs was analyzed using UV-Vis spectra. To evaluate the chemical release behaviors, fluorescein dye was employed as a model substance. The chemical release properties, like OFF-state diffusion through the valve, the ratio between ON-state and OFF-state chemical release, and the rapidness of chemical modulation of the valve, were investigated, varying the PNIPAM brush thickness. The results indicate that enhancing the thickness of the PNIPAM brush in our platform improves control over the chemical modulation properties. However, excessive increases in brush length may lead to entanglement, which negatively impacts the chemical modulation efficiency. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b9e5c35b762a4cfebb9744e9e7e9c67f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj-art-b9e5c35b762a4cfebb9744e9e7e9c67f2025-01-24T13:33:49ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612025-01-011112510.3390/gels11010025Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical ModulationNafis Mustakim0Youngsik Song1Sang-Woo Seo2Department of Electrical Engineering, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USADepartment of Electrical Engineering, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USAA two-dimensional array of microfluidic ports with remote-controlled valve actuation is of great interest for applications involving localized chemical stimulation. Herein, a macroporous silicon-based platform where each pore contains an independently controllable valve made from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes is proposed. These valves are coated with silica-encapsulated gold nanorods (GNRs) for NIR-actuated switching capability. The layer-by-layer (LBL) electrostatic deposition technique was used to attach the GNRs to the PNIPAM brushes. The deposition of GNRs was confirmed by dark-field optical microscopy, and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the deposited GNRs was analyzed using UV-Vis spectra. To evaluate the chemical release behaviors, fluorescein dye was employed as a model substance. The chemical release properties, like OFF-state diffusion through the valve, the ratio between ON-state and OFF-state chemical release, and the rapidness of chemical modulation of the valve, were investigated, varying the PNIPAM brush thickness. The results indicate that enhancing the thickness of the PNIPAM brush in our platform improves control over the chemical modulation properties. However, excessive increases in brush length may lead to entanglement, which negatively impacts the chemical modulation efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/11/1/25gold nanorodNIR-actuationPNIPAM valveLBL depositionchemical stimulation |
| spellingShingle | Nafis Mustakim Youngsik Song Sang-Woo Seo Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation Gels gold nanorod NIR-actuation PNIPAM valve LBL deposition chemical stimulation |
| title | Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation |
| title_full | Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation |
| title_fullStr | Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation |
| title_short | Gold Nanorod-Coated Hydrogel Brush Valves in Macroporous Silicon Membranes for NIR-Driven Localized Chemical Modulation |
| title_sort | gold nanorod coated hydrogel brush valves in macroporous silicon membranes for nir driven localized chemical modulation |
| topic | gold nanorod NIR-actuation PNIPAM valve LBL deposition chemical stimulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/11/1/25 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nafismustakim goldnanorodcoatedhydrogelbrushvalvesinmacroporoussiliconmembranesfornirdrivenlocalizedchemicalmodulation AT youngsiksong goldnanorodcoatedhydrogelbrushvalvesinmacroporoussiliconmembranesfornirdrivenlocalizedchemicalmodulation AT sangwooseo goldnanorodcoatedhydrogelbrushvalvesinmacroporoussiliconmembranesfornirdrivenlocalizedchemicalmodulation |