Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish
ABSTRACT: The application of novel feed additives, including yeast-based probiotics, has emerged as a strategy to enhance growth, health, and aesthetic appeal in ornamental fish. This study evaluated the probiotic properties of red yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 in flowerhorn fish (initial weight...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Aquaculture Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513424006975 |
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| author | Jirawadee Kaewda Papungkorn Sangsawad Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn Pimpisut Manassila Apichat Boontawan Mariena Ketudat‑Cairns Cheeranan Sriphuttha Chatsirin Nakharuthai |
| author_facet | Jirawadee Kaewda Papungkorn Sangsawad Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn Pimpisut Manassila Apichat Boontawan Mariena Ketudat‑Cairns Cheeranan Sriphuttha Chatsirin Nakharuthai |
| author_sort | Jirawadee Kaewda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT: The application of novel feed additives, including yeast-based probiotics, has emerged as a strategy to enhance growth, health, and aesthetic appeal in ornamental fish. This study evaluated the probiotic properties of red yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 in flowerhorn fish (initial weight 9.81 ± 1.25 g). Forty fish were randomly distributed into individual glass tanks and subjected to four feeding treatments: a non-supplemented control diet and diets supplemented with 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 for 105 days. Results indicated that R. paludigena CM33 exhibits comprehensive characteristics validating it as a potential probiotic, demonstrating resistance to various bile salts, pH levels, and thermotolerance. It presented significant antioxidant activity, auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, positive catalase activity, non-hemolytic properties, and resistance to 14 tested antibiotics. After the feeding trial, fish fed diets supplemented with 1 % and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 showed significant improvements in growth performance, lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity. These findings correspond with the mRNA expression results of growth-related genes (insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGF-II), antioxidant genes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), and pro-inflammatory genes (interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6). Microbiome analysis indicated that incorporating 1 % R. paludigena CM33 into the diet reduced species richness in the intestinal tract of flowerhorn fish. However, both 1 % and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 increased the abundance of Cetobacterium. Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the colonization of R. paludigena CM33 in the intestines of treated fish; meanwhile, fish skin coloration and carotenoid accumulation demonstrated the color enhancement properties of R. paludigena CM33 in flowerhorn fish. These findings suggest that R. paludigena CM33 could be a promising sustainable aquafeed ingredient for the ornamental aquaculture industry. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b9e1cb7bde124fe7b5892c06e6c9c993 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2352-5134 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aquaculture Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-b9e1cb7bde124fe7b5892c06e6c9c9932025-02-06T05:12:18ZengElsevierAquaculture Reports2352-51342025-03-0140102609Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fishJirawadee Kaewda0Papungkorn Sangsawad1Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn2Pimpisut Manassila3Apichat Boontawan4Mariena Ketudat‑Cairns5Cheeranan Sriphuttha6Chatsirin Nakharuthai7School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, ThailandSchool of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; Corresponding author.ABSTRACT: The application of novel feed additives, including yeast-based probiotics, has emerged as a strategy to enhance growth, health, and aesthetic appeal in ornamental fish. This study evaluated the probiotic properties of red yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 in flowerhorn fish (initial weight 9.81 ± 1.25 g). Forty fish were randomly distributed into individual glass tanks and subjected to four feeding treatments: a non-supplemented control diet and diets supplemented with 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 for 105 days. Results indicated that R. paludigena CM33 exhibits comprehensive characteristics validating it as a potential probiotic, demonstrating resistance to various bile salts, pH levels, and thermotolerance. It presented significant antioxidant activity, auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, positive catalase activity, non-hemolytic properties, and resistance to 14 tested antibiotics. After the feeding trial, fish fed diets supplemented with 1 % and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 showed significant improvements in growth performance, lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity. These findings correspond with the mRNA expression results of growth-related genes (insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) and IGF-II), antioxidant genes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), and pro-inflammatory genes (interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and IL-6). Microbiome analysis indicated that incorporating 1 % R. paludigena CM33 into the diet reduced species richness in the intestinal tract of flowerhorn fish. However, both 1 % and 2 % R. paludigena CM33 increased the abundance of Cetobacterium. Field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the colonization of R. paludigena CM33 in the intestines of treated fish; meanwhile, fish skin coloration and carotenoid accumulation demonstrated the color enhancement properties of R. paludigena CM33 in flowerhorn fish. These findings suggest that R. paludigena CM33 could be a promising sustainable aquafeed ingredient for the ornamental aquaculture industry.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513424006975Feed additivesProbioticSkin pigmentationImmunostimulationMicrobiome |
| spellingShingle | Jirawadee Kaewda Papungkorn Sangsawad Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn Pimpisut Manassila Apichat Boontawan Mariena Ketudat‑Cairns Cheeranan Sriphuttha Chatsirin Nakharuthai Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish Aquaculture Reports Feed additives Probiotic Skin pigmentation Immunostimulation Microbiome |
| title | Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish |
| title_full | Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish |
| title_short | Effects of Probiotics Red Yeast Rhodotorula paludigena CM33 on enhancing color pigmentation, antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal microbiota, and growth in a commercial ornamental fish: Flowerhorn fish |
| title_sort | effects of probiotics red yeast rhodotorula paludigena cm33 on enhancing color pigmentation antioxidant activity immune response intestinal microbiota and growth in a commercial ornamental fish flowerhorn fish |
| topic | Feed additives Probiotic Skin pigmentation Immunostimulation Microbiome |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352513424006975 |
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