Alternative DNA Markers to Detect Guam-Specific CRB-G (Clade I) <i>Oryctes rhinoceros</i> (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Indicate That the Beetle Did Not Disperse from Guam to the Solomon Islands or Palau

Alternative DNA Markers to Detect Guam-Specific CRB-G (Clade I) <i>Oryctes rhinoceros</i> (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Indicate That the Beetle Did Not Disperse from Guam to the Solomon Islands or Palau

A partial mitochondrial DNA <i>Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I</i> (mt<i>COI</i>) gene haplotype variant of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB) <i>Oryctes rhinoceros</i>, classed as ‘CRB-G (clade I)’, has been the focus of much research since 2007, with reports of in...

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Main Authors: Wee Tek Tay, Sean D. G. Marshall, Angel David Popa-Baez, Glenn F. J. Dulla, Andrea L. Blas, Juniaty W. Sambiran, Meldy Hosang, Justine Bennette H. Millado, Michael Melzer, Rahul V. Rane, Tim Hogarty, Demi Yi-Chun Cho, Jelfina C. Alouw, Muhammad Faheem, Benjamin D. Hoffmann
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Diversity
Subjects:
DNA barcoding
comparative mitogenome analysis
Asiatic rhinoceros beetle
hitchhiker plant pest
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/16/10/634
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Summary:A partial mitochondrial DNA <i>Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I</i> (mt<i>COI</i>) gene haplotype variant of the coconut rhinoceros beetle (CRB) <i>Oryctes rhinoceros</i>, classed as ‘CRB-G (clade I)’, has been the focus of much research since 2007, with reports of invasions into new Pacific Island locations (e.g., Guam, Hawaii, Solomons Islands). For numerous invasive species, inference of invasion biology via whole genome is superior to assessments via the partial mt<i>COI</i> gene. Here, we explore CRB draft mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from historical and recent collections, with assessment focused on individuals associated within the CRB-G (clade I) classification. We found that all Guam CRB individuals possessed the same mitogenome across all 13 protein-coding genes and differed from individuals collected elsewhere, including ‘non-Guam’ individuals designated as CRB-G (clade I) by partial mt<i>COI</i> assessment. Two alternative <i>ATP6</i> and <i>COIII</i> partial gene primer sets were developed to enable distinction between CRB individuals from Guam that classed within the CRB-G (clade I) haplotype grouping and CRB-G (Clade I) individuals collected elsewhere. Phylogenetic analyses based on concatenated <i>ATP6–COIII</i> genes showed that only Guam CRB-G (clade I) individuals clustered together, and therefore Guam was not the source of the CRB that invaded the other locations in the Pacific assessed in this study. The use of the mt<i>COI</i> and/or mt<i>COIII</i> genes for initial molecular diagnosis of CRB remained crucial, and assessment of more native CRB populations will further advance our ability to identify the provenance of CRB invasions being reported within the Pacific and elsewhere.
ISSN:1424-2818

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