Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human brain has provided converging evidence that visual deprivation induces regional changes in white matter (WM) microstructure. It remains unclear how these changes modify network connections between brain regions. Here we used diffusion-weighted MRI to rel...

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Main Authors: Nina Linde Reislev, Tim Bjørn Dyrby, Hartwig Roman Siebner, Ron Kupers, Maurice Ptito
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2016-01-01
Series:Neural Plasticity
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6029241
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author Nina Linde Reislev
Tim Bjørn Dyrby
Hartwig Roman Siebner
Ron Kupers
Maurice Ptito
author_facet Nina Linde Reislev
Tim Bjørn Dyrby
Hartwig Roman Siebner
Ron Kupers
Maurice Ptito
author_sort Nina Linde Reislev
collection DOAJ
description Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human brain has provided converging evidence that visual deprivation induces regional changes in white matter (WM) microstructure. It remains unclear how these changes modify network connections between brain regions. Here we used diffusion-weighted MRI to relate differences in microstructure and structural connectedness of WM in individuals with congenital or late-onset blindness relative to normally sighted controls. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provided voxel-specific microstructural features of the tissue, while anatomical connectivity mapping (ACM) assessed the connectedness of each voxel with the rest of the brain. ACM yielded reduced anatomical connectivity in the corpus callosum in individuals with congenital but not late-onset blindness. ACM did not identify any brain region where blindness resulted in increased anatomical connectivity. DTI revealed widespread microstructural differences as indexed by a reduced regional fractional anisotropy (FA). Blind individuals showed lower FA in the primary visual and the ventral visual processing stream relative to sighted controls regardless of the blindness onset. The results show that visual deprivation shapes WM microstructure and anatomical connectivity, but these changes appear to be spatially dissociated as changes emerge in different WM tracts. They also indicate that regional differences in anatomical connectivity depend on the onset of blindness.
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spelling doaj-art-b94f5eb3e81b4908b643a1e9a0b1384d2025-08-20T03:23:12ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432016-01-01201610.1155/2016/60292416029241Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind BrainNina Linde Reislev0Tim Bjørn Dyrby1Hartwig Roman Siebner2Ron Kupers3Maurice Ptito4Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, DenmarkDanish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, DenmarkDanish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, 2650 Hvidovre, DenmarkBRAINlab and Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkBRAINlab and Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, DenmarkMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human brain has provided converging evidence that visual deprivation induces regional changes in white matter (WM) microstructure. It remains unclear how these changes modify network connections between brain regions. Here we used diffusion-weighted MRI to relate differences in microstructure and structural connectedness of WM in individuals with congenital or late-onset blindness relative to normally sighted controls. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provided voxel-specific microstructural features of the tissue, while anatomical connectivity mapping (ACM) assessed the connectedness of each voxel with the rest of the brain. ACM yielded reduced anatomical connectivity in the corpus callosum in individuals with congenital but not late-onset blindness. ACM did not identify any brain region where blindness resulted in increased anatomical connectivity. DTI revealed widespread microstructural differences as indexed by a reduced regional fractional anisotropy (FA). Blind individuals showed lower FA in the primary visual and the ventral visual processing stream relative to sighted controls regardless of the blindness onset. The results show that visual deprivation shapes WM microstructure and anatomical connectivity, but these changes appear to be spatially dissociated as changes emerge in different WM tracts. They also indicate that regional differences in anatomical connectivity depend on the onset of blindness.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6029241
spellingShingle Nina Linde Reislev
Tim Bjørn Dyrby
Hartwig Roman Siebner
Ron Kupers
Maurice Ptito
Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
Neural Plasticity
title Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
title_full Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
title_fullStr Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
title_full_unstemmed Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
title_short Simultaneous Assessment of White Matter Changes in Microstructure and Connectedness in the Blind Brain
title_sort simultaneous assessment of white matter changes in microstructure and connectedness in the blind brain
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6029241
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