Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study
Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for lower limb amputation in a specialist foot clinic-based setting. Methods. A retrospective quantitative study was conducted, using clinical and biochemical profiles of diabetic foot patients attending the High Risk...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5941957 |
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| author | Beverly T. Rodrigues Venkat N. Vangaveti Usman H. Malabu |
| author_facet | Beverly T. Rodrigues Venkat N. Vangaveti Usman H. Malabu |
| author_sort | Beverly T. Rodrigues |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for lower limb amputation in a specialist foot clinic-based setting. Methods. A retrospective quantitative study was conducted, using clinical and biochemical profiles of diabetic foot patients attending the High Risk Foot Clinic at The Townsville Hospital, Australia, between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013. Results. The total study sample included 129 subjects, comprising 81 males and 48 females with M : F ratio of 1.7 : 1. Twenty-three subjects were Indigenous Australians, representing 17.8% of the study population. The average age of the cohort was 63.4 years ± 14.1 years [CI 90.98–65.89]. Lower limb amputation was identified as a common and significant outcome (n=44), occurring in 34.1%, more commonly amongst the Indigenous Australians (56.5% versus 29.2%; p=0.94, OR 0.94). Risk factors most closely associated with amputation included diabetic retinopathy (p=0.00, OR 4.4), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (p=0.01, OR 4.1), Charcot’s arthropathy (p=0.01, OR 2.9), and Indigenous ethnicity (p=0.01, OR 3.4). Although average serum creatinine, corrected calcium, and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (Hba1c) levels were higher amongst amputees they were statistically insignificant. Conclusions. Lower limb amputation is a common outcome and linked to ethnicity and neurovascular diabetic complications amongst subjects with diabetic foot ulcer. Further research is needed to identify why risk of lower limb amputation seems to differ according to ethnicity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b9259d39f1ef44c5b209c900f2e2e486 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-6745 2314-6753 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-b9259d39f1ef44c5b209c900f2e2e4862025-02-03T06:06:36ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532016-01-01201610.1155/2016/59419575941957Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control StudyBeverly T. Rodrigues0Venkat N. Vangaveti1Usman H. Malabu2Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Townsville Hospital and College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD 4814, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Townsville Hospital and College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD 4814, AustraliaDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, The Townsville Hospital and College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, 100 Angus Smith Drive, Douglas, QLD 4814, AustraliaObjective. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors for lower limb amputation in a specialist foot clinic-based setting. Methods. A retrospective quantitative study was conducted, using clinical and biochemical profiles of diabetic foot patients attending the High Risk Foot Clinic at The Townsville Hospital, Australia, between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013. Results. The total study sample included 129 subjects, comprising 81 males and 48 females with M : F ratio of 1.7 : 1. Twenty-three subjects were Indigenous Australians, representing 17.8% of the study population. The average age of the cohort was 63.4 years ± 14.1 years [CI 90.98–65.89]. Lower limb amputation was identified as a common and significant outcome (n=44), occurring in 34.1%, more commonly amongst the Indigenous Australians (56.5% versus 29.2%; p=0.94, OR 0.94). Risk factors most closely associated with amputation included diabetic retinopathy (p=0.00, OR 4.4), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery (p=0.01, OR 4.1), Charcot’s arthropathy (p=0.01, OR 2.9), and Indigenous ethnicity (p=0.01, OR 3.4). Although average serum creatinine, corrected calcium, and glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (Hba1c) levels were higher amongst amputees they were statistically insignificant. Conclusions. Lower limb amputation is a common outcome and linked to ethnicity and neurovascular diabetic complications amongst subjects with diabetic foot ulcer. Further research is needed to identify why risk of lower limb amputation seems to differ according to ethnicity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5941957 |
| spellingShingle | Beverly T. Rodrigues Venkat N. Vangaveti Usman H. Malabu Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study Journal of Diabetes Research |
| title | Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study |
| title_full | Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study |
| title_short | Prevalence and Risk Factors for Diabetic Lower Limb Amputation: A Clinic-Based Case Control Study |
| title_sort | prevalence and risk factors for diabetic lower limb amputation a clinic based case control study |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5941957 |
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