Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.)
Abstract Background Organic fertilizers are safer and more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers; hence, organic fertilizers can be used to support sustainable farming. The effects of PGPRs are manifold in agriculture, especially in monoculture crops, where the soil needs to be modified to increase...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06062-3 |
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| author | Haji Muhammad Muhammad Ijaz Abdul Sattar Sami Ul-Allah Ahmad Sher Muhammad Asif Muhammad Dilshad Khalid Mahmood Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer Muhammad Rizwan Salim Manoharadas |
| author_facet | Haji Muhammad Muhammad Ijaz Abdul Sattar Sami Ul-Allah Ahmad Sher Muhammad Asif Muhammad Dilshad Khalid Mahmood Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer Muhammad Rizwan Salim Manoharadas |
| author_sort | Haji Muhammad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Organic fertilizers are safer and more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers; hence, organic fertilizers can be used to support sustainable farming. The effects of PGPRs are manifold in agriculture, especially in monoculture crops, where the soil needs to be modified to increase germination, yield, and disease resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PGPRs combined with fertilizer on the yield and productivity of canola. Canola was chosen for its global importance as an oilseed crop and its responsiveness to soil amendments, making it ideal for evaluating the synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizers on yield and soil health. Methodology This research, which was carried out over two years, was aimed at establishing the effectiveness of PGPRs together with organic and inorganic fertilizers on canola yields and was performed with a two-factorial RCBD design under field conditions. We applied Azotobacter salinestris and Bacillus subtilis with biochar, compost, animal manure, poultry manure, and NPK fertilizer. Insect pest management and other agronomic practices were carried out to maintain the experiment. Results Canola yield and agronomic traits were enhanced by the combination of Bacillus subtilis with the fully recommended N: P:K ratio (140:55:40 kg/ha). Additionally, the application of Bacillus subtilis with biochar at 2 tons/ha improved the yield and quality of canola, as well as the structure and nutrient regulation of the soil. Conclusion In light of these results, we recommend the application of Bacillus subtilis to canola seeds along with either 2 t/ha biochar or the entire recommended dose of N: P:K (140:55:40 kg/ha). These strategies are sustainable and help producers and the environment increase the productivity of canola. Combining PGPRs with fertilizers for canola enhances nutrient efficiency, promotes sustainable growth, and boosts stress resilience, addressing agricultural and environmental challenges. Clinical trial number Not Applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b8a2be18a8c247f0a37e2577258e0863 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b8a2be18a8c247f0a37e2577258e08632025-01-19T12:16:40ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-01-0125111210.1186/s12870-025-06062-3Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.)Haji Muhammad0Muhammad Ijaz1Abdul Sattar2Sami Ul-Allah3Ahmad Sher4Muhammad Asif5Muhammad Dilshad6Khalid Mahmood7Muhammad Waheed Riaz8Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer9Muhammad Rizwan10Salim Manoharadas11Asian Institute of TechnologyInstitute of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityInstitute of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityInstitute of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityInstitute of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityInstitute of Agronomy, University of AgricultureInstitute of Agronomy, University of AgricultureSAWiE Ecosystems (Pvt Ltd)State Key Laboratory of Wheat Breeding, Group of Wheat Quality and Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural UniversityDepartment of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information TechnologyInstitute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of BonnDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityAbstract Background Organic fertilizers are safer and more eco-friendly than chemical fertilizers; hence, organic fertilizers can be used to support sustainable farming. The effects of PGPRs are manifold in agriculture, especially in monoculture crops, where the soil needs to be modified to increase germination, yield, and disease resistance. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of PGPRs combined with fertilizer on the yield and productivity of canola. Canola was chosen for its global importance as an oilseed crop and its responsiveness to soil amendments, making it ideal for evaluating the synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizers on yield and soil health. Methodology This research, which was carried out over two years, was aimed at establishing the effectiveness of PGPRs together with organic and inorganic fertilizers on canola yields and was performed with a two-factorial RCBD design under field conditions. We applied Azotobacter salinestris and Bacillus subtilis with biochar, compost, animal manure, poultry manure, and NPK fertilizer. Insect pest management and other agronomic practices were carried out to maintain the experiment. Results Canola yield and agronomic traits were enhanced by the combination of Bacillus subtilis with the fully recommended N: P:K ratio (140:55:40 kg/ha). Additionally, the application of Bacillus subtilis with biochar at 2 tons/ha improved the yield and quality of canola, as well as the structure and nutrient regulation of the soil. Conclusion In light of these results, we recommend the application of Bacillus subtilis to canola seeds along with either 2 t/ha biochar or the entire recommended dose of N: P:K (140:55:40 kg/ha). These strategies are sustainable and help producers and the environment increase the productivity of canola. Combining PGPRs with fertilizers for canola enhances nutrient efficiency, promotes sustainable growth, and boosts stress resilience, addressing agricultural and environmental challenges. Clinical trial number Not Applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06062-3PGPRsBacillus subtilisAzotobacter salinestrisBiocharCompostPoultry manure |
| spellingShingle | Haji Muhammad Muhammad Ijaz Abdul Sattar Sami Ul-Allah Ahmad Sher Muhammad Asif Muhammad Dilshad Khalid Mahmood Muhammad Waheed Riaz Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer Muhammad Rizwan Salim Manoharadas Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) BMC Plant Biology PGPRs Bacillus subtilis Azotobacter salinestris Biochar Compost Poultry manure |
| title | Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) |
| title_full | Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) |
| title_fullStr | Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) |
| title_short | Synergistic effects of PGPRs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of Canola (Brassica napus L.) |
| title_sort | synergistic effects of pgprs and fertilizer amendments on improving the yield and productivity of canola brassica napus l |
| topic | PGPRs Bacillus subtilis Azotobacter salinestris Biochar Compost Poultry manure |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06062-3 |
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