Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It
Normal tissues typically maintain partial oxygen pressure within a range of 3–10% oxygen, ensuring homeostasis through a well-regulated oxygen supply and responsive vascular network. However, in solid tumors, rapid growth often outpaces angiogenesis, creating a hypoxic microenvironment that fosters...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/94 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832589286688423936 |
|---|---|
| author | Eleicy Nathaly Mendoza Maria Rosa Ciriolo Fabio Ciccarone |
| author_facet | Eleicy Nathaly Mendoza Maria Rosa Ciriolo Fabio Ciccarone |
| author_sort | Eleicy Nathaly Mendoza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Normal tissues typically maintain partial oxygen pressure within a range of 3–10% oxygen, ensuring homeostasis through a well-regulated oxygen supply and responsive vascular network. However, in solid tumors, rapid growth often outpaces angiogenesis, creating a hypoxic microenvironment that fosters tumor progression, altered metabolism and resistance to therapy. Hypoxic tumor regions experience uneven oxygen distribution with severe hypoxia in the core due to poor vascularization and high metabolic oxygen consumption. Cancer cells adapt to these conditions through metabolic shifts, predominantly relying on glycolysis, and by upregulating antioxidant defenses to mitigate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage. Hypoxia-induced ROS, resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction and enzyme activation, exacerbates genomic instability, tumor aggressiveness, and therapy resistance. Overcoming hypoxia-induced ROS cancer resistance requires a multifaceted approach that targets various aspects of tumor biology. Emerging therapeutic strategies target hypoxia-induced resistance, focusing on hypoxia-inducible factors, ROS levels, and tumor microenvironment subpopulations. Combining innovative therapies with existing treatments holds promise for improving cancer outcomes and overcoming resistance mechanisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b8895ee1a8b8496cb8be856ed65fa0c0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-b8895ee1a8b8496cb8be856ed65fa0c02025-01-24T13:19:27ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-01-011419410.3390/antiox14010094Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome ItEleicy Nathaly Mendoza0Maria Rosa Ciriolo1Fabio Ciccarone2Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, ItalyNormal tissues typically maintain partial oxygen pressure within a range of 3–10% oxygen, ensuring homeostasis through a well-regulated oxygen supply and responsive vascular network. However, in solid tumors, rapid growth often outpaces angiogenesis, creating a hypoxic microenvironment that fosters tumor progression, altered metabolism and resistance to therapy. Hypoxic tumor regions experience uneven oxygen distribution with severe hypoxia in the core due to poor vascularization and high metabolic oxygen consumption. Cancer cells adapt to these conditions through metabolic shifts, predominantly relying on glycolysis, and by upregulating antioxidant defenses to mitigate reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative damage. Hypoxia-induced ROS, resulting from mitochondrial dysfunction and enzyme activation, exacerbates genomic instability, tumor aggressiveness, and therapy resistance. Overcoming hypoxia-induced ROS cancer resistance requires a multifaceted approach that targets various aspects of tumor biology. Emerging therapeutic strategies target hypoxia-induced resistance, focusing on hypoxia-inducible factors, ROS levels, and tumor microenvironment subpopulations. Combining innovative therapies with existing treatments holds promise for improving cancer outcomes and overcoming resistance mechanisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/94HIFROScancer resistanceantioxidantstumor microenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Eleicy Nathaly Mendoza Maria Rosa Ciriolo Fabio Ciccarone Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It Antioxidants HIF ROS cancer resistance antioxidants tumor microenvironment |
| title | Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It |
| title_full | Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It |
| title_fullStr | Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It |
| title_short | Hypoxia-Induced Reactive Oxygen Species: Their Role in Cancer Resistance and Emerging Therapies to Overcome It |
| title_sort | hypoxia induced reactive oxygen species their role in cancer resistance and emerging therapies to overcome it |
| topic | HIF ROS cancer resistance antioxidants tumor microenvironment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/94 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT eleicynathalymendoza hypoxiainducedreactiveoxygenspeciestheirroleincancerresistanceandemergingtherapiestoovercomeit AT mariarosaciriolo hypoxiainducedreactiveoxygenspeciestheirroleincancerresistanceandemergingtherapiestoovercomeit AT fabiociccarone hypoxiainducedreactiveoxygenspeciestheirroleincancerresistanceandemergingtherapiestoovercomeit |