The relationship between gut and nasopharyngeal microbiome composition can predict the severity of COVID-19

The relationship between gut and nasopharyngeal microbiome composition can predict the severity of COVID-19

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that displays great variability in clinical phenotype. Many factors have been described to be correlated with its severity, and microbiota could play a key role in the...

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Main Authors: Benita Martin-Castaño, Patricia Diez-Echave, Jorge García-García, Laura Hidalgo-García, Antonio Jesús Ruiz-Malagon, José Alberto Molina-Tijeras, María Jesús Rodríguez-Sojo, Anaïs Redruello-Romero, Margarita Martínez-Zaldívar, Emilio Mota, Fernando Cobo, Xando Díaz-Villamarin, Marta Alvarez-Estevez, Federico García, Concepción Morales-García, Silvia Merlos, Paula Garcia-Flores, Manuel Colmenero-Ruiz, José Hernández-Quero, Maria Nuñez, Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas, Angel Carazo, Javier Martin, Rocio Moron, Alba Rodríguez Nogales, Julio Galvez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2025-02-01
Series:eLife
Subjects:
SARS-CoV-2
microbiome
nasopharyngeal
Online Access:https://elifesciences.org/articles/95292
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Summary:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that displays great variability in clinical phenotype. Many factors have been described to be correlated with its severity, and microbiota could play a key role in the infection, progression, and outcome of the disease. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with nasopharyngeal and gut dysbiosis and higher abundance of opportunistic pathogens. To identify new prognostic markers for the disease, a multicentre prospective observational cohort study was carried out in COVID-19 patients divided into three cohorts based on symptomatology: mild (n = 24), moderate (n = 51), and severe/critical (n = 31). Faecal and nasopharyngeal samples were taken, and the microbiota was analysed. Linear discriminant analysis identified Mycoplasma salivarium, Prevotella dentalis, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae as biomarkers of severe COVID-19 in nasopharyngeal microbiota, while Prevotella bivia and Prevotella timonensis were defined in faecal microbiota. Additionally, a connection between faecal and nasopharyngeal microbiota was identified, with a significant ratio between P. timonensis (faeces) and P. dentalis and M. salivarium (nasopharyngeal) abundances found in critically ill patients. This ratio could serve as a novel prognostic tool for identifying severe COVID-19 cases.
ISSN:2050-084X

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