Spike specific IgG3 and nucleocapsid IgG response in serum serve as distinguishing immunological markers between SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Spike specific IgG3 and nucleocapsid IgG response in serum serve as distinguishing immunological markers between SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

BackgroundBoth SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines elicit immunological responses. However, it is difficult to distinguish responses generated after vaccination versus natural infection.MethodsWe investigated SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) and nucleocapsid-specific IgG and RBD...

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Main Authors: Marjahan Akhtar, Md. Rashedul Islam, Fatema Khaton, Fatima Rahman, Tausif Adnan Sami, Imam Tauheed, Tasnuva Ahmed, Afroza Akter, Ishtiakul Islam Khan, Zahid Hasan Khan, Prasanta Kumar Biswas, Edward T. Ryan, Sayera Banu, Tahmina Shirin, Fahima Chowdhury, Ashraful Islam Khan, Taufiqur Rahman Bhuiyan, Firdausi Qadri
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
COVID-19
vaccine
infection
IgG3
nucleocapsid
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1518915/full
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