Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of primary liver cancer and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While traditional approaches like surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors struggle against the tumor’s immune evasion, monoclonal...
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BioMed Central
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Genomics & Informatics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44342-024-00033-0 |
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| author | Masaud Shah Muhammad Hussain Hyun Goo Woo |
| author_facet | Masaud Shah Muhammad Hussain Hyun Goo Woo |
| author_sort | Masaud Shah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of primary liver cancer and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While traditional approaches like surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors struggle against the tumor’s immune evasion, monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapies have emerged as promising alternatives. Several therapeutic antibodies that counter the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials, leading to FDA approvals for advanced HCC treatment. A crucial aspect of advancing these therapies lies in understanding the structural interactions between antibodies and their targets. Recent findings indicate that mAbs and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) can target different, non-overlapping epitopes on immune checkpoints such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. This review delves into the epitope-paratope interactions of structurally unresolved mAbs and bsAbs, and discusses the potential for combination therapies based on their non-overlapping epitopes. By leveraging this unique feature, combination therapies could enhance immune activation, reduce resistance, and improve overall efficacy, marking a new direction for antibody-based immunotherapy in HCC. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b7d25b7278174f9dac4c5ce8b86dd380 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2234-0742 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BioMed Central |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genomics & Informatics |
| spelling | doaj-art-b7d25b7278174f9dac4c5ce8b86dd3802025-01-26T12:12:44ZengBioMed CentralGenomics & Informatics2234-07422025-01-0123111610.1186/s44342-024-00033-0Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinomaMasaud Shah0Muhammad Hussain1Hyun Goo Woo2Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of MedicineDepartment of Physiology, Ajou University School of MedicineDepartment of Physiology, Ajou University School of MedicineAbstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of primary liver cancer and remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While traditional approaches like surgical resection and tyrosine kinase inhibitors struggle against the tumor’s immune evasion, monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based immunotherapies have emerged as promising alternatives. Several therapeutic antibodies that counter the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials, leading to FDA approvals for advanced HCC treatment. A crucial aspect of advancing these therapies lies in understanding the structural interactions between antibodies and their targets. Recent findings indicate that mAbs and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) can target different, non-overlapping epitopes on immune checkpoints such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. This review delves into the epitope-paratope interactions of structurally unresolved mAbs and bsAbs, and discusses the potential for combination therapies based on their non-overlapping epitopes. By leveraging this unique feature, combination therapies could enhance immune activation, reduce resistance, and improve overall efficacy, marking a new direction for antibody-based immunotherapy in HCC.https://doi.org/10.1186/s44342-024-00033-0AntibodiesBispecific antibodiesImmunotherapyHepatocellular carcinomaHCC |
| spellingShingle | Masaud Shah Muhammad Hussain Hyun Goo Woo Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma Genomics & Informatics Antibodies Bispecific antibodies Immunotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
| title | Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title_full | Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title_short | Structural insights into antibody-based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| title_sort | structural insights into antibody based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma |
| topic | Antibodies Bispecific antibodies Immunotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma HCC |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44342-024-00033-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT masaudshah structuralinsightsintoantibodybasedimmunotherapyforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT muhammadhussain structuralinsightsintoantibodybasedimmunotherapyforhepatocellularcarcinoma AT hyungoowoo structuralinsightsintoantibodybasedimmunotherapyforhepatocellularcarcinoma |