Evaluation of the impact of the environment on the genetic improvement of the buffalo species
In two farms located in Zulia and Mérida in Venezuela, 1804 records were analyzed to evaluate the effect of environment on birth weight (BW), calving conception interval (CCI), calving interval (CI), and milk production (MP). Statistical analyses were performed with the statistical package SAS vers...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Universidad del Zulia
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Revista Científica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/cientifica/article/view/43308 |
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| Summary: | In two farms located in Zulia and Mérida in Venezuela, 1804 records were analyzed to evaluate the effect of environment on birth weight (BW), calving conception interval (CCI), calving interval (CI), and milk production (MP). Statistical analyses were performed with the statistical package SAS version 9.1, using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the GLM procedure. The effects evaluated on BW were ecological zone (EZ), year of birth (YB), season of birth (SB), sex (S), origin (O): natural mating (NM), artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer (ET), number of calvings (NC) and breed (B): Murrah or Mediterranean. The results showed effects on BW (p<0.05), while the breed factor had no effect (p>0.05). The BW averages were 35.24 kg. For CCI, the following effects were studied: ecological zone (EZ), breed (Murrah and Mediterranean), number of calvings (NC) of the animal (NC), age in years (AY), and age at first calving (AFC). The variables NC and AY affected CCI (p<0.05), and EZ, B, and AFC had no effect (p>0.05). The CCI averaged 114.58 days. A total of 557 calving intervals (CI) reproductive records were analyzed to evaluate the effect of ecological zone (EZ), breed (B), number of calvings of the animal (NC), age of the animal in years (AY), age at first calving (AFC), NC and AY having an effect (p< 0.05); the factors EZ, B and AFC had no effect (p>0.05). The average CI was 420.42 days. On 5 May 2004, a buffalo farm was started in Finca, Florida, in Zulia state’s arid tropical forest zone (DTFZ). Furthermore, on 9 May 2012, the herd was transferred to Finca Miraflores, located in a premontane rainforest zone (PRZ) in Mérida state. To evaluate the environmental effects, 574 records of total milk production (MP) of the Florida and Miraflores farms were analyzed by PROC GLM, using sums of squares type III (SSIII): EZ, breed: Murrah and Mediterranean, number of calvings of the animal (NC), lactation duration (LD), dry days (DD) and maternal milk production (MMP). The factors EZ, NC, LD, DD, and MMP were significant (p<0.05). The breed factor was not significant (p>0.05). MP, LD, and DD average were 1596.64 kg, 285.48 days, and 127.05 days, respectively. At the end of 2022,13% of the herd (195 buffaloes) exceed 3,000 kg per lactation. The variable MP is influenced by the management system implemented in the herd in both production units.
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| ISSN: | 0798-2259 2521-9715 |