Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes
Organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biologic...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X25000056 |
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| author | Prakai Rajchanuwong Sawaporn Peaboon Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan Atsalek Rattanawannee Atirat Noosidum Boonhiang Promdonkoy Jariya Chanpaisaeng Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap |
| author_facet | Prakai Rajchanuwong Sawaporn Peaboon Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan Atsalek Rattanawannee Atirat Noosidum Boonhiang Promdonkoy Jariya Chanpaisaeng Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap |
| author_sort | Prakai Rajchanuwong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biological control agents for potential toxins against mosquito larvae as an additional control tool. Preliminary bioassays conducted on 434 strains demonstrated that 41 strains (11.64%) and 14 strains (3.97%) achieved 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, respectively. Three strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) showed toxicity to both mosquito species, compared with the reference Bti strain. Strain JC691 demonstrated the highest efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, with an LC50 value of 6.96 × 104 CFU/ml and 1.16 × 103 CFU/ml, respectively. A comparison of LC50 values revealed that JC691 exhibited higher efficacy against Cx. quinquefasciatus than that by Bti (Bti LC50: 8.89 × 10⁴ CFU/ml) but lower efficacy against Ae. aegypti (Bti LC50: 1.99 × 10³ CFU/ml). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that JC690, JC691, and JC699 are rod-shaped, have oval spores, and produce bi-pyramidal crystal proteins. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE demonstrated distinct differences between these Thailand strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) and the reference Bti strain. All three Thailand strains contained cry1I and cry2A genes, and only JC691 harbored the cry32 gene. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cry32 indicated that the partial sequences of cry32 in JC691 from Thailand were distinct from those of other B. thuringiensis strains from different countries. This study demonstrates the potential of JC690, JC691, and JC699 as biocontrol agents for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b6f4fa238ba2455b9c142b99c6e7710f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2667-114X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-b6f4fa238ba2455b9c142b99c6e7710f2025-02-06T05:13:00ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases2667-114X2025-01-017100245Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoesPrakai Rajchanuwong0Sawaporn Peaboon1Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan2Atsalek Rattanawannee3Atirat Noosidum4Boonhiang Promdonkoy5Jariya Chanpaisaeng6Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap7Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Research and Lifelong Learning Center on Urban and Medical Entomology, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Corresponding author. Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Research and Lifelong Learning Center on Urban and Medical Entomology, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandNational Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, ThailandDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Research and Lifelong Learning Center on Urban and Medical Entomology, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, ThailandOrganophosphates, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids are commonly used in Thailand to control mosquito vectors; however, long-term use of insecticides in vector control has led to the rapid development of insecticide resistance. In this study, we screened Bacillus thuringiensis strains as biological control agents for potential toxins against mosquito larvae as an additional control tool. Preliminary bioassays conducted on 434 strains demonstrated that 41 strains (11.64%) and 14 strains (3.97%) achieved 100% mortality against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae, respectively. Three strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) showed toxicity to both mosquito species, compared with the reference Bti strain. Strain JC691 demonstrated the highest efficacy against Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, with an LC50 value of 6.96 × 104 CFU/ml and 1.16 × 103 CFU/ml, respectively. A comparison of LC50 values revealed that JC691 exhibited higher efficacy against Cx. quinquefasciatus than that by Bti (Bti LC50: 8.89 × 10⁴ CFU/ml) but lower efficacy against Ae. aegypti (Bti LC50: 1.99 × 10³ CFU/ml). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that JC690, JC691, and JC699 are rod-shaped, have oval spores, and produce bi-pyramidal crystal proteins. Protein profile analysis using SDS-PAGE demonstrated distinct differences between these Thailand strains (JC690, JC691, and JC699) and the reference Bti strain. All three Thailand strains contained cry1I and cry2A genes, and only JC691 harbored the cry32 gene. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of cry32 indicated that the partial sequences of cry32 in JC691 from Thailand were distinct from those of other B. thuringiensis strains from different countries. This study demonstrates the potential of JC690, JC691, and JC699 as biocontrol agents for Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X25000056Biocontrol agentsBacillus thuringiensiscry geneDelta endotoxinsInsecticidal activityMosquito control |
| spellingShingle | Prakai Rajchanuwong Sawaporn Peaboon Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan Atsalek Rattanawannee Atirat Noosidum Boonhiang Promdonkoy Jariya Chanpaisaeng Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes Current Research in Parasitology and Vector-Borne Diseases Biocontrol agents Bacillus thuringiensis cry gene Delta endotoxins Insecticidal activity Mosquito control |
| title | Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| title_full | Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| title_fullStr | Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| title_short | Larvicidal activity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| title_sort | larvicidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis strains against aedes aegypti and culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes |
| topic | Biocontrol agents Bacillus thuringiensis cry gene Delta endotoxins Insecticidal activity Mosquito control |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667114X25000056 |
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