Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction
Understanding how climate influences the establishment of introduced species is critical to classical biological control programs against insect pests. Even closely related species with similar life histories may establish and perform differently in new environments due to different responses to amb...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Biological Control |
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| author | Yingqiao Dang Mitchell A. Green Xiaoyi Wang Jian J. Duan |
| author_facet | Yingqiao Dang Mitchell A. Green Xiaoyi Wang Jian J. Duan |
| author_sort | Yingqiao Dang |
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| description | Understanding how climate influences the establishment of introduced species is critical to classical biological control programs against insect pests. Even closely related species with similar life histories may establish and perform differently in new environments due to different responses to ambient temperature. Here we compared the host attack rate and immature development of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer (EAB) Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, Spathius agrili Yang and S. galinae Belokobylskij and Strazenac, under a range of temperatures from 17.2 to 32.8 ℃. We found significant differences between the two parasitoids in host attack rates and progeny development. Spathius agrili could parasitize EAB larvae across the temperature range of 17.2 ℃ to 32.8 ℃ and caused the highest parasitism rate (∼90.0 %) at 28.9 ℃. In contrast, S. galinae did not attack any host larvae at 32.8 ℃ and caused the highest parasitism rate (∼92 %) at 25 ℃. From 21.1 ℃ to 28.9 ℃, S. agrili emerged on average nine days earlier than S. galinae and had a higher low-temperature threshold for development. Both species arrested their development as mature (5th) instars inside their cocoons at 17.2 ℃, suggesting facultative diapause that may be induced by exposure to cool temperatures. These findings suggest that S. agrili may perform better in warmer climates than S. galinae and could be an effective biocontrol agent in the southern U.S., whereas S. galinae is better suited to be released in the northern U.S. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b6941dd545974155a23d60d92f2388fe |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1049-9644 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biological Control |
| spelling | doaj-art-b6941dd545974155a23d60d92f2388fe2025-02-02T05:26:50ZengElsevierBiological Control1049-96442025-03-01202105718Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introductionYingqiao Dang0Mitchell A. Green1Xiaoyi Wang2Jian J. Duan3U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713, United States; Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713, United States; University of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Conservation, Amherst, MA 01003, United StatesKey Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaU.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713, United States; Corresponding author.Understanding how climate influences the establishment of introduced species is critical to classical biological control programs against insect pests. Even closely related species with similar life histories may establish and perform differently in new environments due to different responses to ambient temperature. Here we compared the host attack rate and immature development of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer (EAB) Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, Spathius agrili Yang and S. galinae Belokobylskij and Strazenac, under a range of temperatures from 17.2 to 32.8 ℃. We found significant differences between the two parasitoids in host attack rates and progeny development. Spathius agrili could parasitize EAB larvae across the temperature range of 17.2 ℃ to 32.8 ℃ and caused the highest parasitism rate (∼90.0 %) at 28.9 ℃. In contrast, S. galinae did not attack any host larvae at 32.8 ℃ and caused the highest parasitism rate (∼92 %) at 25 ℃. From 21.1 ℃ to 28.9 ℃, S. agrili emerged on average nine days earlier than S. galinae and had a higher low-temperature threshold for development. Both species arrested their development as mature (5th) instars inside their cocoons at 17.2 ℃, suggesting facultative diapause that may be induced by exposure to cool temperatures. These findings suggest that S. agrili may perform better in warmer climates than S. galinae and could be an effective biocontrol agent in the southern U.S., whereas S. galinae is better suited to be released in the northern U.S.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964425000283Agrilus planipennisSpathius agriliSpathius galinaeDevelopmental responseDiapauseBiological control |
| spellingShingle | Yingqiao Dang Mitchell A. Green Xiaoyi Wang Jian J. Duan Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction Biological Control Agrilus planipennis Spathius agrili Spathius galinae Developmental response Diapause Biological control |
| title | Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction |
| title_full | Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction |
| title_fullStr | Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction |
| title_short | Comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures: Implications for biocontrol introduction |
| title_sort | comparative responses of two congeneric larval parasitoids of emerald ash borer to ambient temperatures implications for biocontrol introduction |
| topic | Agrilus planipennis Spathius agrili Spathius galinae Developmental response Diapause Biological control |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964425000283 |
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