Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations
High-altitude (HA) environments have adverse effects on the normal functioning body of people accustomed to living at low altitudes because of the change in barometric pressure which causes decrease in the amount of oxygen leading to hypobaric hypoxia. Sustained exposure to hypoxia has adverse effec...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | The Scientific World Journal |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/241569 |
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| author | Turhan San Senol Polat Cemal Cingi Gorkem Eskiizmir Fatih Oghan Burak Cakir |
| author_facet | Turhan San Senol Polat Cemal Cingi Gorkem Eskiizmir Fatih Oghan Burak Cakir |
| author_sort | Turhan San |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High-altitude (HA) environments have adverse effects on the normal functioning body of people accustomed to living at low altitudes because of the change in barometric pressure which causes decrease in the amount of oxygen leading to hypobaric hypoxia. Sustained exposure to hypoxia has adverse effects on body weight, muscle structure and exercise capacity, mental functioning, and sleep quality. The most important step of acclimatization is the hyperventilation which is achieved by hypoxic ventilatory response of the peripheral chemoreceptors. Hyperventilation results in increase in arterial carbondioxide concentration. Altitude also affects sleep and cardiac output, which is the other determinant of oxygen delivery. Upon initial exposure to HA, the resting pulse rate increases rapidly, but with acclimatization, heart rate and cardiac output tend to fall. Another important component that leads to decrease in cardiac output is the reduction in the stroke volume with acclimatization. During sleep at HA, the levels of CO2 in the blood can drop very low and this can switch off the drive to breathe. Only after the body senses a further drop in O2 levels breathing is started again. Periodic breathing is thought to result from instability in the control system through the hypoxic drive or the response to CO2. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b635367440464a16aec86aa05b1cd7e0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1537-744X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Scientific World Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-b635367440464a16aec86aa05b1cd7e02025-02-03T01:28:45ZengWileyThe Scientific World Journal1537-744X2013-01-01201310.1155/2013/241569241569Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs AdaptationsTurhan San0Senol Polat1Cemal Cingi2Gorkem Eskiizmir3Fatih Oghan4Burak Cakir5Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, 34100 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Acibadem University, Faculty of Medicine, 34742 Istanbul, TurkeyDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osmangazi University, Faculty of Medicine, 26020 Eskisehir, TurkeyDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, 45010 Manisa, TurkeyDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dumlupinar University, Faculty of Medicine, 43100 Kutahya, TurkeySisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 34371 Istanbul, TurkeyHigh-altitude (HA) environments have adverse effects on the normal functioning body of people accustomed to living at low altitudes because of the change in barometric pressure which causes decrease in the amount of oxygen leading to hypobaric hypoxia. Sustained exposure to hypoxia has adverse effects on body weight, muscle structure and exercise capacity, mental functioning, and sleep quality. The most important step of acclimatization is the hyperventilation which is achieved by hypoxic ventilatory response of the peripheral chemoreceptors. Hyperventilation results in increase in arterial carbondioxide concentration. Altitude also affects sleep and cardiac output, which is the other determinant of oxygen delivery. Upon initial exposure to HA, the resting pulse rate increases rapidly, but with acclimatization, heart rate and cardiac output tend to fall. Another important component that leads to decrease in cardiac output is the reduction in the stroke volume with acclimatization. During sleep at HA, the levels of CO2 in the blood can drop very low and this can switch off the drive to breathe. Only after the body senses a further drop in O2 levels breathing is started again. Periodic breathing is thought to result from instability in the control system through the hypoxic drive or the response to CO2.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/241569 |
| spellingShingle | Turhan San Senol Polat Cemal Cingi Gorkem Eskiizmir Fatih Oghan Burak Cakir Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations The Scientific World Journal |
| title | Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations |
| title_full | Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations |
| title_fullStr | Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations |
| title_short | Effects of High Altitude on Sleep and Respiratory System and Theirs Adaptations |
| title_sort | effects of high altitude on sleep and respiratory system and theirs adaptations |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/241569 |
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