Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond
Although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cardiovascular disease, and the risk of VTE increases sharply with advancing age, approximately 40% of VTE cases are currently classified as unprovoked, highlighting the importance of risk factor research. While chronological aging is as...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Rafaela Vostatek Cihan Ay |
| author_facet | Rafaela Vostatek Cihan Ay |
| author_sort | Rafaela Vostatek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cardiovascular disease, and the risk of VTE increases sharply with advancing age, approximately 40% of VTE cases are currently classified as unprovoked, highlighting the importance of risk factor research. While chronological aging is associated with the risk of VTE, the association with biological aging remains unclear. Biological aging is highly complex, influenced by several dysregulated cellular and biochemical mechanisms. In the last decade, advancements in omics methodologies provided insights into the molecular complexity of biological aging. Techniques such as high-throughput genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses identified and quantified numerous epigenetic markers, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. These methods have also revealed the molecular alterations organisms undergo as they age. Despite the progress, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the methods for assessing and validating these biomarkers, and their application lacks standardization. This review gives an overview of biomarkers of biological aging, including telomere length, and their potential role for VTE. Furthermore, we critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed methods and discuss possible future directions for investigating biological aging in VTE. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b5f731cbafed46e0aca4a5f96f089265 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-b5f731cbafed46e0aca4a5f96f0892652025-01-24T13:23:43ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-12-011311510.3390/biomedicines13010015Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and BeyondRafaela Vostatek0Cihan Ay1Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDivision of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaAlthough venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cardiovascular disease, and the risk of VTE increases sharply with advancing age, approximately 40% of VTE cases are currently classified as unprovoked, highlighting the importance of risk factor research. While chronological aging is associated with the risk of VTE, the association with biological aging remains unclear. Biological aging is highly complex, influenced by several dysregulated cellular and biochemical mechanisms. In the last decade, advancements in omics methodologies provided insights into the molecular complexity of biological aging. Techniques such as high-throughput genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses identified and quantified numerous epigenetic markers, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. These methods have also revealed the molecular alterations organisms undergo as they age. Despite the progress, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the methods for assessing and validating these biomarkers, and their application lacks standardization. This review gives an overview of biomarkers of biological aging, including telomere length, and their potential role for VTE. Furthermore, we critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed methods and discuss possible future directions for investigating biological aging in VTE.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/15biological agingvenous thromboembolismtelomeres |
| spellingShingle | Rafaela Vostatek Cihan Ay Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond Biomedicines biological aging venous thromboembolism telomeres |
| title | Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond |
| title_full | Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond |
| title_fullStr | Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond |
| title_short | Biological Aging and Venous Thromboembolism: A Review of Telomeres and Beyond |
| title_sort | biological aging and venous thromboembolism a review of telomeres and beyond |
| topic | biological aging venous thromboembolism telomeres |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/1/15 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rafaelavostatek biologicalagingandvenousthromboembolismareviewoftelomeresandbeyond AT cihanay biologicalagingandvenousthromboembolismareviewoftelomeresandbeyond |