Antibacterial action of penicillin against Mycobacterium avium complex
INTRODUCTION: β-lactam antibiotics are promising treatments for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease. We hypothesized that benzylpenicillin has efficacy against MAC. METHODS: Benzylpenicillin lung concentration–time profiles of seven doses in three dosing schedules were administered for 28...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union)
2024-08-01
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| Series: | IJTLD Open |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iuatld/ijtldo/2024/00000001/00000008/art00006 |
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| Summary: | INTRODUCTION: β-lactam antibiotics are promising treatments for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) lung disease. We hypothesized that benzylpenicillin has efficacy against MAC. METHODS: Benzylpenicillin lung concentration–time profiles of seven doses in three dosing schedules were administered for 28 days using the hollow fiber system model of intracellular MAC (HFS-MAC). Data were analyzed using the inhibitory sigmoid maximal effect (E max) model for each sampling day, while two ordinary differential equations (ODEs) were used for the wild-type and penicillin-resistant mutants. RESULTS: Benzylpenicillin killed >2.1 log 10 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL below Day 0, better than azithromycin, ethambutol, and rifabutin. Efficacy was terminated by acquired resistance. Sigmoid E max parameter estimates significantly differed between sampling days and were a poor fit. However, ODE model parameter estimates vs. exposure were a better fit. The exposure mediating E max was 84.6% (95% CI 76.91–82.98) of time concentration exceeded the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In Monte Carlo experiments, 24 million international units of benzylpenicillin continuous infusion achieved the target exposure in lungs of >90% of 10,000 subjects until an MIC of 64 mg/L, designated the susceptibility breakpoint. CONCLUSIONS: Benzylpenicillin demonstrated a better bactericidal effect against MAC than guideline-recommended drugs before the development of resistance. Its role in combination therapy with other drugs with better efficacy than guideline-recommended drugs should be explored. |
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| ISSN: | 3005-7590 |