Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Cannabis is the third most widely used psychoactive substance globally, and its consumption has been increasing, particularly with the growing trend of legalization for medicinal and recreational use. Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential impact of cannabis on r...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03516-0 |
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| author | Ajay Malvi Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Ashok Kumar Balaraman R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Gajendra Sharma Sunil Kumar Mahendra Pratap Singh Ganesh Bushi Nagavalli Chilakam Sakshi Pandey Manvinder Brar Rachana Mehta Sanjit Sah Abhay M. Gaidhane Muhammed Shabil Afukonyo Shidoiku Daniel |
| author_facet | Ajay Malvi Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Ashok Kumar Balaraman R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Gajendra Sharma Sunil Kumar Mahendra Pratap Singh Ganesh Bushi Nagavalli Chilakam Sakshi Pandey Manvinder Brar Rachana Mehta Sanjit Sah Abhay M. Gaidhane Muhammed Shabil Afukonyo Shidoiku Daniel |
| author_sort | Ajay Malvi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cannabis is the third most widely used psychoactive substance globally, and its consumption has been increasing, particularly with the growing trend of legalization for medicinal and recreational use. Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential impact of cannabis on respiratory health, specifically the risk of asthma, a significant public health concern. This systematic review aimed to consolidate research on the association between cannabis use and the risk of asthma. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, covering studies published up to September 30, 2024. We included peer-reviewed observational studies evaluating the link between cannabis consumption and the risk of asthma diagnosis. Data synthesis employed a random-effects meta-analysis to account for heterogeneity. R statistical software (version 4.4) was used for statistical analyses. Results The search yielded 8 relevant studies after screening 1,887 records. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between cannabis consumption and the risk of asthma diagnosis was 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–1.44, indicating greater odds of having asthma compared to non-users. Moderate heterogeneity was observed (I² = 46%), and sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis identifies a significant association between cannabis use and greater odds of having asthma. These findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness about the potential respiratory risks associated with cannabis use. Future research should prioritize identifying moderating factors, such as the frequency and mode of cannabis consumption, to enhance understanding of this association and provide a stronger evidence base for potential public health interventions. Clinical trial number Not applicable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b50252056dc74bbe95b2d6e9725da8b9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2466 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-b50252056dc74bbe95b2d6e9725da8b92025-02-02T12:06:45ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662025-01-0125111110.1186/s12890-025-03516-0Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysisAjay Malvi0Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib1Ashok Kumar Balaraman2R. Roopashree3Mandeep Kaur4Manish Srivastava5Amit Barwal6G. V. Siva Prasad7Pranchal Rajput8Rukshar Syed9Gajendra Sharma10Sunil Kumar11Mahendra Pratap Singh12Ganesh Bushi13Nagavalli Chilakam14Sakshi Pandey15Manvinder Brar16Rachana Mehta17Sanjit Sah18Abhay M. Gaidhane19Muhammed Shabil20Afukonyo Shidoiku Daniel21Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchDivision of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Istitute of Higher EducationResearch and Enterprise, University of CyberjayaDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University)Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, NIMS UniversityChandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of CollegeDepartment of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering CollegeSchool of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation, Uttaranchal UniversityIES Institute of Pharmacy, IES UniversityNew Delhi Institute of ManagementDepartment of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University)Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha UniversitySchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional UniversityNoida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute)Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara UniversityChitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara UniversityClinical Microbiology, RDC, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and StudiesDepartment of Paediatrics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethJawaharlal Nehru Medical College, and Global Health Academy, School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher EducationUniversity Center for Research and Development, Chandigarh UniversityGlobal Health and Infectious Diseases Control Institute, Nasarawa State UniversityAbstract Background Cannabis is the third most widely used psychoactive substance globally, and its consumption has been increasing, particularly with the growing trend of legalization for medicinal and recreational use. Recent studies have raised concerns about the potential impact of cannabis on respiratory health, specifically the risk of asthma, a significant public health concern. This systematic review aimed to consolidate research on the association between cannabis use and the risk of asthma. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, covering studies published up to September 30, 2024. We included peer-reviewed observational studies evaluating the link between cannabis consumption and the risk of asthma diagnosis. Data synthesis employed a random-effects meta-analysis to account for heterogeneity. R statistical software (version 4.4) was used for statistical analyses. Results The search yielded 8 relevant studies after screening 1,887 records. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the association between cannabis consumption and the risk of asthma diagnosis was 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.19–1.44, indicating greater odds of having asthma compared to non-users. Moderate heterogeneity was observed (I² = 46%), and sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the findings. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis identifies a significant association between cannabis use and greater odds of having asthma. These findings emphasize the importance of raising awareness about the potential respiratory risks associated with cannabis use. Future research should prioritize identifying moderating factors, such as the frequency and mode of cannabis consumption, to enhance understanding of this association and provide a stronger evidence base for potential public health interventions. Clinical trial number Not applicable.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03516-0CannabisAsthmaRespiratory healthSystematic reviewMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Ajay Malvi Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib Ashok Kumar Balaraman R. Roopashree Mandeep Kaur Manish Srivastava Amit Barwal G. V. Siva Prasad Pranchal Rajput Rukshar Syed Gajendra Sharma Sunil Kumar Mahendra Pratap Singh Ganesh Bushi Nagavalli Chilakam Sakshi Pandey Manvinder Brar Rachana Mehta Sanjit Sah Abhay M. Gaidhane Muhammed Shabil Afukonyo Shidoiku Daniel Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Pulmonary Medicine Cannabis Asthma Respiratory health Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| title | Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Cannabis consumption and risk of asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | cannabis consumption and risk of asthma a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Cannabis Asthma Respiratory health Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03516-0 |
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