Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub>
Plant immunity is largely governed by nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR). Here, we examine the molecular activation and inhibition mechanisms of the wheat CC-type NLR <i>Yr10<sub>CG</sub></i>, a previously proposed candidate for the <i>Yr10</i>...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Nan Wu Wanqing Jiang Zhaoxia Xiang Raheel Asghar Mahinur S. Akkaya |
| author_facet | Nan Wu Wanqing Jiang Zhaoxia Xiang Raheel Asghar Mahinur S. Akkaya |
| author_sort | Nan Wu |
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| description | Plant immunity is largely governed by nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR). Here, we examine the molecular activation and inhibition mechanisms of the wheat CC-type NLR <i>Yr10<sub>CG</sub></i>, a previously proposed candidate for the <i>Yr10</i> resistance gene. Though recent studies have identified <i>YrNAM</i> as the true <i>Yr10</i> gene, Yr10<sub>CG</sub> remains an important NLR in understanding NLR-mediated immunity in wheat. In this study, we found that the overexpression of either the full-length Yr10<sub>CG</sub> or its CC domain in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> did not trigger cell death, suggesting a robust autoinhibitory mechanism within Yr10<sub>CG</sub>. However, we observed that mutations in the conserved MHD motif, specifically D502G, activated Yr10<sub>CG</sub> and induced cell death. Structural modeling indicated that this mutation disrupted key interactions within the MHD motif, promoting local flexibility and activation. We further explored the effector recognition potential of Yr10<sub>CG</sub> by creating chimeric proteins with Sr50 domains, revealing that both the NB-ARC and LRR domains are necessary for effector recognition, while the CC domain likely functions in downstream immune signaling. Additionally, disrupting membrane localization through an L11E mutation abolished Yr10<sub>CG</sub> self-activation, suggesting a requirement for membrane association in immune activation. Our findings contribute to the understanding of CC-NLR activation and autoinhibition mechanisms, highlighting the potential of Yr10<sub>CG</sub> in NLR engineering for crop resistance improvement. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-b49e149d1fc547ac9fd070cbb95eadde2025-01-24T13:47:04ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114227810.3390/plants14020278Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub>Nan Wu0Wanqing Jiang1Zhaoxia Xiang2Raheel Asghar3Mahinur S. Akkaya4School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, ChinaSchool of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, ChinaSchool of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, ChinaSchool of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, ChinaPlant immunity is largely governed by nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptor (NLR). Here, we examine the molecular activation and inhibition mechanisms of the wheat CC-type NLR <i>Yr10<sub>CG</sub></i>, a previously proposed candidate for the <i>Yr10</i> resistance gene. Though recent studies have identified <i>YrNAM</i> as the true <i>Yr10</i> gene, Yr10<sub>CG</sub> remains an important NLR in understanding NLR-mediated immunity in wheat. In this study, we found that the overexpression of either the full-length Yr10<sub>CG</sub> or its CC domain in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> did not trigger cell death, suggesting a robust autoinhibitory mechanism within Yr10<sub>CG</sub>. However, we observed that mutations in the conserved MHD motif, specifically D502G, activated Yr10<sub>CG</sub> and induced cell death. Structural modeling indicated that this mutation disrupted key interactions within the MHD motif, promoting local flexibility and activation. We further explored the effector recognition potential of Yr10<sub>CG</sub> by creating chimeric proteins with Sr50 domains, revealing that both the NB-ARC and LRR domains are necessary for effector recognition, while the CC domain likely functions in downstream immune signaling. Additionally, disrupting membrane localization through an L11E mutation abolished Yr10<sub>CG</sub> self-activation, suggesting a requirement for membrane association in immune activation. Our findings contribute to the understanding of CC-NLR activation and autoinhibition mechanisms, highlighting the potential of Yr10<sub>CG</sub> in NLR engineering for crop resistance improvement.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/278Yr10<sub>CG</sub><i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>cell deathplant immunity |
| spellingShingle | Nan Wu Wanqing Jiang Zhaoxia Xiang Raheel Asghar Mahinur S. Akkaya Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> Plants Yr10<sub>CG</sub> <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> cell death plant immunity |
| title | Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> |
| title_full | Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> |
| title_short | Assessment of Self-Activation and Inhibition of Wheat Coiled-Coil Domain Containing NLR Immune Receptor Yr10<sub>CG</sub> |
| title_sort | assessment of self activation and inhibition of wheat coiled coil domain containing nlr immune receptor yr10 sub cg sub |
| topic | Yr10<sub>CG</sub> <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> cell death plant immunity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/278 |
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