BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats
Abstract Background The 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) mainly participates in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and ketone body synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. In our previous study, BDH1 was identified as a key candidate gene regulating lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dair...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Genomics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11245-1 |
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| author | Mengke Ni Saige Zang Yihan Wang Xiaochen Qin Min Tian Tiantian Xiong Chong Chen Yue Zhang Jun Luo Cong Li |
| author_facet | Mengke Ni Saige Zang Yihan Wang Xiaochen Qin Min Tian Tiantian Xiong Chong Chen Yue Zhang Jun Luo Cong Li |
| author_sort | Mengke Ni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) mainly participates in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and ketone body synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. In our previous study, BDH1 was identified as a key candidate gene regulating lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats by RNA-seq. This study aimed to investigate the effect of BDH1 on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats (GMECs). Results The results suggest that BDH1 plays a significant role in reducing triacylglycerol content and lipid droplet accumulation in GMECs (p < 0.05). Overexpression of BDH1 significantly decreased the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (SREBF1 and GPAM) and reduced the levels of C14:0 and C17:1, while increasing FABP3 expression and C10:0 concentration (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 significantly increased the expression of SREBF1 and GPAM and the concentration of C14:0, C15:1, and C20:1, but significantly decreased FABP3 and C18:0 (p < 0.05). Treatment of GMECs with β-hydroxybutyric acid (R-BHBA) significantly decreased the expression of FASN, ACACA, LPL, SREBF1, FABP3, ACSL1, GPAM, DGAT1, and triacylglycerol content, while significantly increasing the expression of BDH1 (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 rescued the reduction of cellular TAG content and the expression of FASN, LPL, SREBF1, ACSL1, and GPAM in BHBA-treated GMECs. Conclusion In conclusion, BDH1 negatively regulates lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats. Furthermore, it may mitigate the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid metabolism in GMECs. Graphical Abstract BDH1 serves as a negative regulator of milk lipid synthesis in GMECs, and BDH1 counteracts the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b46aef1bb22447a4a756c58591de06f6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Genomics |
| spelling | doaj-art-b46aef1bb22447a4a756c58591de06f62025-01-26T12:16:43ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-01-0126111410.1186/s12864-025-11245-1BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goatsMengke Ni0Saige Zang1Yihan Wang2Xiaochen Qin3Min Tian4Tiantian Xiong5Chong Chen6Yue Zhang7Jun Luo8Cong Li9College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F UniversityAbstract Background The 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (BDH1) mainly participates in the regulation of milk fat synthesis and ketone body synthesis in mammary epithelial cells. In our previous study, BDH1 was identified as a key candidate gene regulating lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats by RNA-seq. This study aimed to investigate the effect of BDH1 on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats (GMECs). Results The results suggest that BDH1 plays a significant role in reducing triacylglycerol content and lipid droplet accumulation in GMECs (p < 0.05). Overexpression of BDH1 significantly decreased the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes (SREBF1 and GPAM) and reduced the levels of C14:0 and C17:1, while increasing FABP3 expression and C10:0 concentration (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 significantly increased the expression of SREBF1 and GPAM and the concentration of C14:0, C15:1, and C20:1, but significantly decreased FABP3 and C18:0 (p < 0.05). Treatment of GMECs with β-hydroxybutyric acid (R-BHBA) significantly decreased the expression of FASN, ACACA, LPL, SREBF1, FABP3, ACSL1, GPAM, DGAT1, and triacylglycerol content, while significantly increasing the expression of BDH1 (p < 0.05). Interference with BDH1 rescued the reduction of cellular TAG content and the expression of FASN, LPL, SREBF1, ACSL1, and GPAM in BHBA-treated GMECs. Conclusion In conclusion, BDH1 negatively regulates lipid metabolism in mammary glands of dairy goats. Furthermore, it may mitigate the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid metabolism in GMECs. Graphical Abstract BDH1 serves as a negative regulator of milk lipid synthesis in GMECs, and BDH1 counteracts the inhibitory effect of R-BHBA on lipid synthesis in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11245-1BDH1Mammary epithelial cellsLipid metabolismExpression regulationDairy goats |
| spellingShingle | Mengke Ni Saige Zang Yihan Wang Xiaochen Qin Min Tian Tiantian Xiong Chong Chen Yue Zhang Jun Luo Cong Li BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats BMC Genomics BDH1 Mammary epithelial cells Lipid metabolism Expression regulation Dairy goats |
| title | BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| title_full | BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| title_fullStr | BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| title_short | BDH1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| title_sort | bdh1 identified by transcriptome has a negative effect on lipid metabolism in mammary epithelial cells of dairy goats |
| topic | BDH1 Mammary epithelial cells Lipid metabolism Expression regulation Dairy goats |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11245-1 |
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