Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations
The global prevalence and burden of anxiety disorders (ADs) are increasing. However, findings on the acute effects of air pollution on ADs remain inconclusive. We evaluated the effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>),...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Xinyuan Zhong Tingting Guo Jianghui Zhang Qiong Wang Rong Yin Kunpeng Wu Qing Zou Meng Zheng Brian J. Hall Andre M. N. Renzaho Kangning Huang Wen Chen |
| author_facet | Xinyuan Zhong Tingting Guo Jianghui Zhang Qiong Wang Rong Yin Kunpeng Wu Qing Zou Meng Zheng Brian J. Hall Andre M. N. Renzaho Kangning Huang Wen Chen |
| author_sort | Xinyuan Zhong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The global prevalence and burden of anxiety disorders (ADs) are increasing. However, findings on the acute effects of air pollution on ADs remain inconclusive. We evaluated the effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), inhalable particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), on daily hospital visits for ADs. A generalized additive model was used to perform a time-series analysis on data from a Southern China city’s medical insurance system between 1 March 2021, and 31 July 2023. Although the daily levels of most pollutants (PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>) were consistently below China and WHO’s Ambient Air-Quality Standards, significant associations were observed between daily hospital visits for ADs and all six air pollutants. Each interquartile range increase in concentrations resulted in the largest odds ratios of 1.08 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.16) at lag1 for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, 1.19 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.05, 1.34) at lag07 for NO<sub>2</sub>, 1.14 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.05, 1.23) at lag02 for CO, 1.12 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.25) at lag07 for PM<sub>10</sub>, 1.06 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.12) at lag7 for SO<sub>2</sub> and 1.08 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.15) at lag7 for O<sub>3</sub>, respectively. The effects of NO<sub>2</sub> and CO remained robust across subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Females and middle-aged individuals showed stronger associations than other subgroups. The findings underscore the necessity for public health efforts to alleviate the impact of air pollution on mental health, even in low-concentration settings. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b3a42a0a95bd46619d4b9194e89089cf2025-01-24T13:51:03ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042025-01-011314510.3390/toxics13010045Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution ConcentrationsXinyuan Zhong0Tingting Guo1Jianghui Zhang2Qiong Wang3Rong Yin4Kunpeng Wu5Qing Zou6Meng Zheng7Brian J. Hall8Andre M. N. Renzaho9Kangning Huang10Wen Chen11Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaCenter for Global Health Equity, Environmental Studies, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200124, ChinaTranslational Health Research Institute, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, AustraliaCenter for Global Health Equity, Environmental Studies, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai 200124, ChinaDepartment of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, ChinaThe global prevalence and burden of anxiety disorders (ADs) are increasing. However, findings on the acute effects of air pollution on ADs remain inconclusive. We evaluated the effects of short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, including fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), inhalable particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), on daily hospital visits for ADs. A generalized additive model was used to perform a time-series analysis on data from a Southern China city’s medical insurance system between 1 March 2021, and 31 July 2023. Although the daily levels of most pollutants (PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>) were consistently below China and WHO’s Ambient Air-Quality Standards, significant associations were observed between daily hospital visits for ADs and all six air pollutants. Each interquartile range increase in concentrations resulted in the largest odds ratios of 1.08 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.16) at lag1 for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, 1.19 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.05, 1.34) at lag07 for NO<sub>2</sub>, 1.14 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.05, 1.23) at lag02 for CO, 1.12 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.25) at lag07 for PM<sub>10</sub>, 1.06 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.12) at lag7 for SO<sub>2</sub> and 1.08 (95% <i>CI</i>: 1.01, 1.15) at lag7 for O<sub>3</sub>, respectively. The effects of NO<sub>2</sub> and CO remained robust across subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Females and middle-aged individuals showed stronger associations than other subgroups. The findings underscore the necessity for public health efforts to alleviate the impact of air pollution on mental health, even in low-concentration settings.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/1/45air pollutionanxiety disordertime-series analysishealth effect |
| spellingShingle | Xinyuan Zhong Tingting Guo Jianghui Zhang Qiong Wang Rong Yin Kunpeng Wu Qing Zou Meng Zheng Brian J. Hall Andre M. N. Renzaho Kangning Huang Wen Chen Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations Toxics air pollution anxiety disorder time-series analysis health effect |
| title | Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations |
| title_full | Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations |
| title_fullStr | Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations |
| title_short | Short-Term Effect of Air Pollution on Daily Hospital Visits for Anxiety Disorders in Southern China with Low Pollution Concentrations |
| title_sort | short term effect of air pollution on daily hospital visits for anxiety disorders in southern china with low pollution concentrations |
| topic | air pollution anxiety disorder time-series analysis health effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/13/1/45 |
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