Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India.
<h4>Background</h4>Judicious utilisation of tertiary care facilities through appropriate risk stratification assumes priority, in a raging pandemic, of the nature of delta variant-predominated second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Prioritisation of tertiary care, through a scientifi...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312993 |
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| author | Narendran Gopalan Vinod Kumar Viswanathan Vignes Anand Srinivasalu Saranya Arumugam Adhin Bhaskar Tamizhselvan Manoharan Santosh Kishor Chandrasekar Divya Bujagaruban Ramya Arumugham Gopi Jagadeeswaran Saravanan Madurai Pandian Arunalatha Ponniah Thirumaran Senguttuvan Ponnuraja Chinnaiyan Baskaran Dhanraj Vineet Kumar Chadha Balaji Purushotham Manoj Vasanth Murhekar |
| author_facet | Narendran Gopalan Vinod Kumar Viswanathan Vignes Anand Srinivasalu Saranya Arumugam Adhin Bhaskar Tamizhselvan Manoharan Santosh Kishor Chandrasekar Divya Bujagaruban Ramya Arumugham Gopi Jagadeeswaran Saravanan Madurai Pandian Arunalatha Ponniah Thirumaran Senguttuvan Ponnuraja Chinnaiyan Baskaran Dhanraj Vineet Kumar Chadha Balaji Purushotham Manoj Vasanth Murhekar |
| author_sort | Narendran Gopalan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Background</h4>Judicious utilisation of tertiary care facilities through appropriate risk stratification assumes priority, in a raging pandemic, of the nature of delta variant-predominated second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Prioritisation of tertiary care, through a scientifically validated risk score, would maximise recovery without compromising individual safety, but importantly without straining the health system.<h4>Methods</h4>De-identified data of COVID-19 confirmed patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India, between April 1, 2021 and July 31, 2021, corresponding to the peak of COVID-19 second wave, were analysed after segregating into 'survivors' or 'non-survivors' to evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality at admission and formulate a risk score with easily obtainable but clinically relevant parameters for accurate patient triaging. The predictive ability was ascertained by the area under the receiver operator characteristics (AUROC) and the goodness of fit by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and validated using the bootstrap method.<h4>Results</h4>Of 617 COVID-19 patients (325 survivors, 292 non-survivors), treated as per prevailing national guidelines, with a slight male predilection (358/617 [58.0%]), fatalities in the age group above and below 50 years were (217/380 [57.1%]) and (75/237 [31.6%]), p<0.001. The relative distribution of the various parameters among survivors and non-survivors including self-reported comorbidities helped to derive the individual risk scores from parameters significant in the multivariable logistic regression. The 'OUR-ARCad' risk score components were-Oxygen saturation SaO2<94%-23, Urea > 40mg/dL-15, Neutrophil/Lymphocytic ratio >3-23, Age > 50 years-8, Pulse Rate >100-8 and Coronary Artery disease-15. A summated score above 50, mandated tertiary care management (sensitivity-90%, specificity-75%; AUC-0.89), validated in 2000 bootstrap dataset.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The OUR-ARCad risk score, could potentially maximize recovery in a raging COVID-19 pandemic, through prioritisation of tertiary care services, neither straining the health system nor compromising patient's safety, delivering and diverting care to those who needed the most. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2cbd48b6fef4ede8313e77a407bba09 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-b2cbd48b6fef4ede8313e77a407bba092025-02-05T05:32:07ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01201e031299310.1371/journal.pone.0312993Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India.Narendran GopalanVinod Kumar ViswanathanVignes Anand SrinivasaluSaranya ArumugamAdhin BhaskarTamizhselvan ManoharanSantosh Kishor ChandrasekarDivya BujagarubanRamya ArumughamGopi JagadeeswaranSaravanan Madurai PandianArunalatha PonniahThirumaran SenguttuvanPonnuraja ChinnaiyanBaskaran DhanrajVineet Kumar ChadhaBalaji PurushothamManoj Vasanth Murhekar<h4>Background</h4>Judicious utilisation of tertiary care facilities through appropriate risk stratification assumes priority, in a raging pandemic, of the nature of delta variant-predominated second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Prioritisation of tertiary care, through a scientifically validated risk score, would maximise recovery without compromising individual safety, but importantly without straining the health system.<h4>Methods</h4>De-identified data of COVID-19 confirmed patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India, between April 1, 2021 and July 31, 2021, corresponding to the peak of COVID-19 second wave, were analysed after segregating into 'survivors' or 'non-survivors' to evaluate the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality at admission and formulate a risk score with easily obtainable but clinically relevant parameters for accurate patient triaging. The predictive ability was ascertained by the area under the receiver operator characteristics (AUROC) and the goodness of fit by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test and validated using the bootstrap method.<h4>Results</h4>Of 617 COVID-19 patients (325 survivors, 292 non-survivors), treated as per prevailing national guidelines, with a slight male predilection (358/617 [58.0%]), fatalities in the age group above and below 50 years were (217/380 [57.1%]) and (75/237 [31.6%]), p<0.001. The relative distribution of the various parameters among survivors and non-survivors including self-reported comorbidities helped to derive the individual risk scores from parameters significant in the multivariable logistic regression. The 'OUR-ARCad' risk score components were-Oxygen saturation SaO2<94%-23, Urea > 40mg/dL-15, Neutrophil/Lymphocytic ratio >3-23, Age > 50 years-8, Pulse Rate >100-8 and Coronary Artery disease-15. A summated score above 50, mandated tertiary care management (sensitivity-90%, specificity-75%; AUC-0.89), validated in 2000 bootstrap dataset.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The OUR-ARCad risk score, could potentially maximize recovery in a raging COVID-19 pandemic, through prioritisation of tertiary care services, neither straining the health system nor compromising patient's safety, delivering and diverting care to those who needed the most.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312993 |
| spellingShingle | Narendran Gopalan Vinod Kumar Viswanathan Vignes Anand Srinivasalu Saranya Arumugam Adhin Bhaskar Tamizhselvan Manoharan Santosh Kishor Chandrasekar Divya Bujagaruban Ramya Arumugham Gopi Jagadeeswaran Saravanan Madurai Pandian Arunalatha Ponniah Thirumaran Senguttuvan Ponnuraja Chinnaiyan Baskaran Dhanraj Vineet Kumar Chadha Balaji Purushotham Manoj Vasanth Murhekar Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. PLoS ONE |
| title | Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. |
| title_full | Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. |
| title_fullStr | Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. |
| title_short | Prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the 'OUR-ARCad' risk score gleaned from the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic-A retrospective cohort study from South India. |
| title_sort | prediction of mortality and prioritisation to tertiary care using the our arcad risk score gleaned from the second wave of covid 19 pandemic a retrospective cohort study from south india |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0312993 |
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