Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments
In assessing the potential collateral effects of bomb attacks on tanks of stored liquids, it is useful to separate the liquid that is aerosolized as an escaping cloud from that which remains inside the tank or rapidly falls to the nearby ground. One relationship currently in use partitions the two c...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Shock and Vibration |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SAV-2011-0658 |
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| _version_ | 1832556014021378048 |
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| author | Leo W. Stockham Richard N. Fry Jr. Paul W. Graham Todd H. Pierce |
| author_facet | Leo W. Stockham Richard N. Fry Jr. Paul W. Graham Todd H. Pierce |
| author_sort | Leo W. Stockham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In assessing the potential collateral effects of bomb attacks on tanks of stored liquids, it is useful to separate the liquid that is aerosolized as an escaping cloud from that which remains inside the tank or rapidly falls to the nearby ground. One relationship currently in use partitions the two categories using a linear model of aerosolized fraction versus fragment energy deposited per unit mass of liquid which is based on calculations and a few test data points. Since this model is incorporated in popular programs used by an expanding number of first responders to assess potential hazards, there is a need for high-confidence test data across the parameter space of interest to improve and/or validate the model. Such a series of tests was conducted during November of 2008 in which 7.57-liter (ℓ) sized cans of water were impacted with fragments of known mass using scored cased explosive charges. Impact velocities were measured, and the remaining water in the can and on the nearby ground platform was collected and weighed. The missing water was assumed to be aerosolized. This new data establishes an S-curve as a more accurate relationship between aerosolized fraction (AF) and the fragment energy deposited per unit mass of liquid in the container. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b2c1a80405cb4652a19708ac9b445b38 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1070-9622 1875-9203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Shock and Vibration |
| spelling | doaj-art-b2c1a80405cb4652a19708ac9b445b382025-02-03T05:46:42ZengWileyShock and Vibration1070-96221875-92032012-01-0119466967710.3233/SAV-2011-0658Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb FragmentsLeo W. Stockham0Richard N. Fry Jr.1Paul W. Graham2Todd H. Pierce3TASC Inc., Albuquerque, NM, USADefense Threat Reduction Agency, Fort Belvoir, VA, USAU.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 3909 Halls Ferry Road, Vicksburg, MS, USASAIC Intelligence, Security and Technology Group, San Diego, CA, USAIn assessing the potential collateral effects of bomb attacks on tanks of stored liquids, it is useful to separate the liquid that is aerosolized as an escaping cloud from that which remains inside the tank or rapidly falls to the nearby ground. One relationship currently in use partitions the two categories using a linear model of aerosolized fraction versus fragment energy deposited per unit mass of liquid which is based on calculations and a few test data points. Since this model is incorporated in popular programs used by an expanding number of first responders to assess potential hazards, there is a need for high-confidence test data across the parameter space of interest to improve and/or validate the model. Such a series of tests was conducted during November of 2008 in which 7.57-liter (ℓ) sized cans of water were impacted with fragments of known mass using scored cased explosive charges. Impact velocities were measured, and the remaining water in the can and on the nearby ground platform was collected and weighed. The missing water was assumed to be aerosolized. This new data establishes an S-curve as a more accurate relationship between aerosolized fraction (AF) and the fragment energy deposited per unit mass of liquid in the container.http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SAV-2011-0658 |
| spellingShingle | Leo W. Stockham Richard N. Fry Jr. Paul W. Graham Todd H. Pierce Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments Shock and Vibration |
| title | Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments |
| title_full | Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments |
| title_fullStr | Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments |
| title_short | Aerosolization of Water Ejected from a Full Container Impacted by Bomb Fragments |
| title_sort | aerosolization of water ejected from a full container impacted by bomb fragments |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/SAV-2011-0658 |
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