Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the popular herbicides that is widely used in agriculture and can be found in food and water. A rapid and sensitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was proposed for the detection of 2,4-D in juice and water. New tracers, 2,4-D-buthylenedi...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Liliya I. Mukhametova Marya K. Kolokolova Ivan A. Shevchenko Boris S. Tupertsev Anatoly V. Zherdev Chuanlai Xu Sergei A. Eremin |
| author_facet | Liliya I. Mukhametova Marya K. Kolokolova Ivan A. Shevchenko Boris S. Tupertsev Anatoly V. Zherdev Chuanlai Xu Sergei A. Eremin |
| author_sort | Liliya I. Mukhametova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the popular herbicides that is widely used in agriculture and can be found in food and water. A rapid and sensitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was proposed for the detection of 2,4-D in juice and water. New tracers, 2,4-D-buthylenediamin fluoresceinthiocarbamyl (2,4-D-BDF) and 2,4-D-glycine aminofluorescein (2,4-D-GAF), were obtained and characterized. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) obtained against 2,4-D were used as a recognition reagent. The kinetics of the interaction of MAb and tracers were studied, and the kinetic parameters of their binding were calculated. High specificity of binding of tracers and MAb was shown. In this work, an approach was elaborated on to reduce the detection limit of 2,4-D by the FPIA method by changing the volume of the studied sample. The optimized FPIA in a competitive format was characterized by the LODs of 2,4-D 8 and 0.4 ng/mL and the working ranges 30–3000 ng/mL and 3–300 ng/mL for juice and water, respectively. The entire test cycle (from sample receipt to evaluation of the analysis results) took only 20 min. The test for the recovery of 2,4-D in juice and water gave values from 95 to 120%, which demonstrated the reliability of the herbicide determination in real samples. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-b299f99d4a21411d8e59326e9203acf02025-01-24T13:25:29ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-01-011513210.3390/bios15010032Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water SamplesLiliya I. Mukhametova0Marya K. Kolokolova1Ivan A. Shevchenko2Boris S. Tupertsev3Anatoly V. Zherdev4Chuanlai Xu5Sergei A. Eremin6Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFaculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, RussiaN.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina 4, 119991 Moscow, RussiaA. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, RussiaSchool of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, ChinaFaculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is one of the popular herbicides that is widely used in agriculture and can be found in food and water. A rapid and sensitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was proposed for the detection of 2,4-D in juice and water. New tracers, 2,4-D-buthylenediamin fluoresceinthiocarbamyl (2,4-D-BDF) and 2,4-D-glycine aminofluorescein (2,4-D-GAF), were obtained and characterized. Monoclonal antibodies (MAb) obtained against 2,4-D were used as a recognition reagent. The kinetics of the interaction of MAb and tracers were studied, and the kinetic parameters of their binding were calculated. High specificity of binding of tracers and MAb was shown. In this work, an approach was elaborated on to reduce the detection limit of 2,4-D by the FPIA method by changing the volume of the studied sample. The optimized FPIA in a competitive format was characterized by the LODs of 2,4-D 8 and 0.4 ng/mL and the working ranges 30–3000 ng/mL and 3–300 ng/mL for juice and water, respectively. The entire test cycle (from sample receipt to evaluation of the analysis results) took only 20 min. The test for the recovery of 2,4-D in juice and water gave values from 95 to 120%, which demonstrated the reliability of the herbicide determination in real samples.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/32immunosensingon-site detectionfluorophoresfluorescence polarizationtoxic contaminantspesticides |
| spellingShingle | Liliya I. Mukhametova Marya K. Kolokolova Ivan A. Shevchenko Boris S. Tupertsev Anatoly V. Zherdev Chuanlai Xu Sergei A. Eremin Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples Biosensors immunosensing on-site detection fluorophores fluorescence polarization toxic contaminants pesticides |
| title | Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples |
| title_full | Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples |
| title_fullStr | Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples |
| title_short | Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay for Rapid, Sensitive Detection of the Herbicide 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in Juice and Water Samples |
| title_sort | fluorescence polarization immunoassay for rapid sensitive detection of the herbicide 2 4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in juice and water samples |
| topic | immunosensing on-site detection fluorophores fluorescence polarization toxic contaminants pesticides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/1/32 |
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