A composite vignette: xylazine, infectious complications and the importance of community-based drug checking services

Here we describe a composite vignette of a patient who developed necrotic wounds and systemic infection after reported exposure to xylazine, a veterinary anesthetic found as an adulterant in the unregulated drug supply. While exposure to xylazine-containing compounds via the use of fentanyl is not a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liam John, Nathaniel Flint, Francesca Piccolo, Katherine Hill, Marion Anderson, Brian Townsend, Michael Fletcher, Cole Altomare-Jarczyk, Kristen Silvia, Traci Green, Dasan Thamattoor, Jean Bessette, Kinna Thakarar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2025-08-01
Series:Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/20499361251365090
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Summary:Here we describe a composite vignette of a patient who developed necrotic wounds and systemic infection after reported exposure to xylazine, a veterinary anesthetic found as an adulterant in the unregulated drug supply. While exposure to xylazine-containing compounds via the use of fentanyl is not a new phenomenon, xylazine’s prevalence in overdose deaths has escalated, and its geographic distribution has expanded to include rural areas such as Maine. We use this composite vignette to highlight: (1) the growing number of overdoses in Maine where xylazine was found in combination with fentanyl, (2) the potential severe, infection-related complications of xylazine exposure, and (3) describe novel harm reduction strategies that utilize community- and laboratory-based drug checking technology.
ISSN:2049-937X