A receptor-binding domain-based nanoparticle vaccine elicits durable neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

A receptor-binding domain-based nanoparticle vaccine elicits durable neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern

Numerous vaccines have been developed to address the current COVID-19 pandemic, but safety, cross-neutralizing efficacy, and long-term protectivity of currently approved vaccines are still important issues. In this study, we developed a subunit vaccine, ASD254, by using a nanoparticle vaccine platfo...

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Main Authors: I-Jung Lee, Yu-Hua Lan, Ping-Yi Wu, Yan-Wei Wu, Yu-Hung Chen, Sheng-Che Tseng, Tzu-Jiun Kuo, Cheng-Pu Sun, Jia-Tsrong Jan, Hsiu-Hua Ma, Chun-Che Liao, Jian-Jong Liang, Hui-Ying Ko, Chih-Shin Chang, Wen-Chun Liu, Yi-An Ko, Yen-Hui Chen, Zong-Lin Sie, Szu-I Tsung, Yi-Ling Lin, I-Hsuan Wang, Mi-Hua Tao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2023-12-01
Series:Emerging Microbes and Infections
Subjects:
Nanoparticle vaccine
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
durable antibody response
cross-protectivity
variants of concern
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2022.2149353
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Summary:Numerous vaccines have been developed to address the current COVID-19 pandemic, but safety, cross-neutralizing efficacy, and long-term protectivity of currently approved vaccines are still important issues. In this study, we developed a subunit vaccine, ASD254, by using a nanoparticle vaccine platform to encapsulate the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein. As compared with the aluminum-adjuvant RBD vaccine, ASD254 induced higher titers of RBD-specific antibodies and generated 10- to 30-fold more neutralizing antibodies. Mice vaccinated with ASD254 showed protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, with undetectable infectious viral loads and reduced typical lesions in lung. Besides, neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated mice lasted for at least one year and were effective against various SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma), B.1.617.2 (Delta), and B.1.1.529 (Omicron). Furthermore, particle size, polydispersity index, and zeta-potential of ASD254 remained stable after 8-month storage at 4°C. Thus, ASD254 is a promising nanoparticle vaccine with good immunogenicity and stability to be developed as an effective vaccine option in controlling upcoming waves of COVID-19.
ISSN:2222-1751

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