Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste
Due to the significant amount of solid waste generated annually in China, the rational use of these wastes has become increasingly important. The production of foam ceramics is considered an effective method for the large-scale utilization of such solid waste. In this study, granite sawing mud was s...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Chenglin Zhao Chunmin Wang Zichen Xia Congcong Jiang Yiran Dong Zihao Lan |
| author_facet | Chenglin Zhao Chunmin Wang Zichen Xia Congcong Jiang Yiran Dong Zihao Lan |
| author_sort | Chenglin Zhao |
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| description | Due to the significant amount of solid waste generated annually in China, the rational use of these wastes has become increasingly important. The production of foam ceramics is considered an effective method for the large-scale utilization of such solid waste. In this study, granite sawing mud was selected as the raw material, with SiC and MnO<sub>2</sub> serving as foaming agent to prepare foam ceramics. The foaming behavior of sintered samples using different foaming agent was investigated to determine the most suitable type and amount of foaming agent for obtaining foam ceramics with excellent pore structures. Additionally, the effects of the foaming agent on the pore structure and physical mechanical properties of the foam ceramics were studied in detail. The results showed that SiC and MnO<sub>2</sub> both resulted in the pronounced expansion to different extent, and increasing the content of foaming agent enhances foam expansion. The best dosage of SiC was 1%, the optimum additive amount of MnO<sub>2</sub> is 2–3%. For SiC, the oxidation reduction reaction occurred between SiC and O<sub>2</sub> to generate CO<sub>2</sub>/CO. For MnO<sub>2</sub>, firstly, the reduction of MnO<sub>2</sub> to Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> occurred, and then the Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> dissolved in the glass melt and, subsequently, Mn<sup>3+</sup> was reduced to Mn<sup>2+</sup>, leading to gas formation and foaming. Under the same dosage of foaming agent and preparation conditions, the sample prepared with SiC as the blowing agent has higher compressive strength, lower water absorption, and a more uniform pore structure. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1e3513c4d854849872616dd2d9fa3d3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Crystals |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1e3513c4d854849872616dd2d9fa3d32025-01-24T13:28:04ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522024-12-011513210.3390/cryst15010032Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid WasteChenglin Zhao0Chunmin Wang1Zichen Xia2Congcong Jiang3Yiran Dong4Zihao Lan5Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaJiaxing COETEKS Material Co., Ltd., Jiaxing 314200, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaShandong Provincial Academy of Architectural Science Co., Ltd., Jinan 250031, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, ChinaDue to the significant amount of solid waste generated annually in China, the rational use of these wastes has become increasingly important. The production of foam ceramics is considered an effective method for the large-scale utilization of such solid waste. In this study, granite sawing mud was selected as the raw material, with SiC and MnO<sub>2</sub> serving as foaming agent to prepare foam ceramics. The foaming behavior of sintered samples using different foaming agent was investigated to determine the most suitable type and amount of foaming agent for obtaining foam ceramics with excellent pore structures. Additionally, the effects of the foaming agent on the pore structure and physical mechanical properties of the foam ceramics were studied in detail. The results showed that SiC and MnO<sub>2</sub> both resulted in the pronounced expansion to different extent, and increasing the content of foaming agent enhances foam expansion. The best dosage of SiC was 1%, the optimum additive amount of MnO<sub>2</sub> is 2–3%. For SiC, the oxidation reduction reaction occurred between SiC and O<sub>2</sub> to generate CO<sub>2</sub>/CO. For MnO<sub>2</sub>, firstly, the reduction of MnO<sub>2</sub> to Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> occurred, and then the Mn<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> dissolved in the glass melt and, subsequently, Mn<sup>3+</sup> was reduced to Mn<sup>2+</sup>, leading to gas formation and foaming. Under the same dosage of foaming agent and preparation conditions, the sample prepared with SiC as the blowing agent has higher compressive strength, lower water absorption, and a more uniform pore structure.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/1/32foam ceramicporous materialfoaming agentSiCMnO<sub>2</sub> |
| spellingShingle | Chenglin Zhao Chunmin Wang Zichen Xia Congcong Jiang Yiran Dong Zihao Lan Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste Crystals foam ceramic porous material foaming agent SiC MnO<sub>2</sub> |
| title | Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste |
| title_full | Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste |
| title_short | Effect of Various Foaming Agents on Ceramic Foam from Solid Waste |
| title_sort | effect of various foaming agents on ceramic foam from solid waste |
| topic | foam ceramic porous material foaming agent SiC MnO<sub>2</sub> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/1/32 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chenglinzhao effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste AT chunminwang effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste AT zichenxia effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste AT congcongjiang effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste AT yirandong effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste AT zihaolan effectofvariousfoamingagentsonceramicfoamfromsolidwaste |