Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees
Powdery mildew is a serious disease of the rubber tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>) worldwide. Temperature is the main climatic factor that influences the development of this disease. In this study, the effects of five high temperatures (30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 °C) at each of six exposure...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Agronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1046 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850127211915378688 |
|---|---|
| author | Yongxiang He Ying Xiao Jonathan S. West Xueren Cao |
| author_facet | Yongxiang He Ying Xiao Jonathan S. West Xueren Cao |
| author_sort | Yongxiang He |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Powdery mildew is a serious disease of the rubber tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>) worldwide. Temperature is the main climatic factor that influences the development of this disease. In this study, the effects of five high temperatures (30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 °C) at each of six exposure durations (0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h) were measured for the pathogen at 0, 3, 12, and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), which represented four life stages of the fungus (conidia, conidial germination, infection, and hyphal growth). The results indicated that the germination, infection, and disease severity were reduced with increasing temperature and exposure duration. Temperature and exposure duration also significantly interacted to affect all life stages (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The relationships of the inhibition rate of conidial germination, infection, and disease severity with duration of exposure time (<i>et</i>) and high temperature (<i>T</i>) were described by logistic equations, with the percentage variance accounted for above 68%. Ungerminated conidia were found to be the most resistant to high temperature for <i>E. quercicola</i> from rubber tree, out of the four stages tested in this study. Only controlled-environmental experiments were conducted, and field studies are needed to enhance disease forecasting of rubber tree powdery mildew. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b0b6e4ff08b84eb68b5abd697a2da8ea |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-b0b6e4ff08b84eb68b5abd697a2da8ea2025-08-20T02:33:43ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-04-01155104610.3390/agronomy15051046Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber TreesYongxiang He0Ying Xiao1Jonathan S. West2Xueren Cao3Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaProtecting Crops and Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, UKKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaPowdery mildew is a serious disease of the rubber tree (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>) worldwide. Temperature is the main climatic factor that influences the development of this disease. In this study, the effects of five high temperatures (30, 32, 34, 36, and 38 °C) at each of six exposure durations (0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h) were measured for the pathogen at 0, 3, 12, and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi), which represented four life stages of the fungus (conidia, conidial germination, infection, and hyphal growth). The results indicated that the germination, infection, and disease severity were reduced with increasing temperature and exposure duration. Temperature and exposure duration also significantly interacted to affect all life stages (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The relationships of the inhibition rate of conidial germination, infection, and disease severity with duration of exposure time (<i>et</i>) and high temperature (<i>T</i>) were described by logistic equations, with the percentage variance accounted for above 68%. Ungerminated conidia were found to be the most resistant to high temperature for <i>E. quercicola</i> from rubber tree, out of the four stages tested in this study. Only controlled-environmental experiments were conducted, and field studies are needed to enhance disease forecasting of rubber tree powdery mildew.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1046<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>rubber tree powdery mildewhigh temperature effectgerminationinfectiondisease severity |
| spellingShingle | Yongxiang He Ying Xiao Jonathan S. West Xueren Cao Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees Agronomy <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i> rubber tree powdery mildew high temperature effect germination infection disease severity |
| title | Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees |
| title_full | Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees |
| title_fullStr | Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees |
| title_short | Effect of High Temperatures on the Growth and Disease Development of <i>Erysiphe quercicola</i> on Rubber Trees |
| title_sort | effect of high temperatures on the growth and disease development of i erysiphe quercicola i on rubber trees |
| topic | <i>Hevea brasiliensis</i> rubber tree powdery mildew high temperature effect germination infection disease severity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/5/1046 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yongxianghe effectofhightemperaturesonthegrowthanddiseasedevelopmentofierysiphequercicolaionrubbertrees AT yingxiao effectofhightemperaturesonthegrowthanddiseasedevelopmentofierysiphequercicolaionrubbertrees AT jonathanswest effectofhightemperaturesonthegrowthanddiseasedevelopmentofierysiphequercicolaionrubbertrees AT xuerencao effectofhightemperaturesonthegrowthanddiseasedevelopmentofierysiphequercicolaionrubbertrees |