Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background Perinatal depression is associated with poor outcomes related to HIV care adherence, maternal functioning, and early child development. We examined whether the M-DEPTH (Maternal Depression Treatment in HIV) depression care model—including antidepressant therapy and individual pro...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Glenn J. Wagner, Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar, Violet Gwokyalya, Laura J. Faherty, Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya, Juliet Nakku, Linda Kisaakye Nabitaka, Dickens Akena, Janet Nakigudde, Victoria Ngo, Ryan McBain, Hafsa Lukwata, Leticia Kyohangirwe, Barbara Mukasa, Rhoda K. Wanyenze
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-04-01
Series:BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07443-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849732831469633536
author Glenn J. Wagner
Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar
Violet Gwokyalya
Laura J. Faherty
Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya
Juliet Nakku
Linda Kisaakye Nabitaka
Dickens Akena
Janet Nakigudde
Victoria Ngo
Ryan McBain
Hafsa Lukwata
Leticia Kyohangirwe
Barbara Mukasa
Rhoda K. Wanyenze
author_facet Glenn J. Wagner
Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar
Violet Gwokyalya
Laura J. Faherty
Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya
Juliet Nakku
Linda Kisaakye Nabitaka
Dickens Akena
Janet Nakigudde
Victoria Ngo
Ryan McBain
Hafsa Lukwata
Leticia Kyohangirwe
Barbara Mukasa
Rhoda K. Wanyenze
author_sort Glenn J. Wagner
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Perinatal depression is associated with poor outcomes related to HIV care adherence, maternal functioning, and early child development. We examined whether the M-DEPTH (Maternal Depression Treatment in HIV) depression care model—including antidepressant therapy and individual problem-solving therapy—and depression alleviation would affect improvement in each of these outcome domains. Methods A sample of 354 pregnant women living with HIV (WLH) with at least mild depressive symptoms (177 in each of intervention and usual care control arms) enrolled in a cluster randomized controlled trial across eight antenatal care clinics in Uganda and had a live birth delivery. Longitudinal mixed effects models were used to examine survey data and chart-abstracted HIV viral load and antiretroviral pharmacy refill data collected at baseline and months 2, 6, 12 and 18 post-partum. Results 69% had clinical depression at enrollment; 70% of women in the intervention group (including 96% of those with clinical depression) received depression treatment. Mixed-effects longitudinal regression analysis showed (1) strong effects of the intervention on maternal depression at each post-partum follow-up assessment; and (2) moderate effects of the intervention and reduced depression on maternal functioning (self-care and infant care, in particular). However, there was little evidence of effects of the intervention and depression reduction on early child development, maternal viral suppression, or ART adherence. Conclusion These findings suggest that depression care for pregnant WLH is important for maternal mental health, but it also helps women to better manage parenting and care for their infant. Supplementary interventions may be needed to impact early child development. Trial registration The trial was registered with the NIH Clinical Trial Registry (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03892915) on 27/03/2019.
format Article
id doaj-art-aff2bf6c063d4ef6b77a53910c0e7a02
institution DOAJ
issn 1471-2393
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
spelling doaj-art-aff2bf6c063d4ef6b77a53910c0e7a022025-08-20T03:08:12ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932025-04-0125111210.1186/s12884-025-07443-0Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trialGlenn J. Wagner0Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar1Violet Gwokyalya2Laura J. Faherty3Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya4Juliet Nakku5Linda Kisaakye Nabitaka6Dickens Akena7Janet Nakigudde8Victoria Ngo9Ryan McBain10Hafsa Lukwata11Leticia Kyohangirwe12Barbara Mukasa13Rhoda K. Wanyenze14RAND CorporationRAND CorporationSchool of Public Health, Makerere UniversityRAND CorporationMulago Specialized Women and Neonatal HospitalButabika National Referral Mental HospitalMinistry of HealthCollege of Health Sciences, Makerere UniversityCollege of Health Sciences, Makerere UniversityRAND CorporationRAND CorporationMinistry of HealthButabika National Referral Mental HospitalMildmay UgandaSchool of Public Health, Makerere UniversityAbstract Background Perinatal depression is associated with poor outcomes related to HIV care adherence, maternal functioning, and early child development. We examined whether the M-DEPTH (Maternal Depression Treatment in HIV) depression care model—including antidepressant therapy and individual problem-solving therapy—and depression alleviation would affect improvement in each of these outcome domains. Methods A sample of 354 pregnant women living with HIV (WLH) with at least mild depressive symptoms (177 in each of intervention and usual care control arms) enrolled in a cluster randomized controlled trial across eight antenatal care clinics in Uganda and had a live birth delivery. Longitudinal mixed effects models were used to examine survey data and chart-abstracted HIV viral load and antiretroviral pharmacy refill data collected at baseline and months 2, 6, 12 and 18 post-partum. Results 69% had clinical depression at enrollment; 70% of women in the intervention group (including 96% of those with clinical depression) received depression treatment. Mixed-effects longitudinal regression analysis showed (1) strong effects of the intervention on maternal depression at each post-partum follow-up assessment; and (2) moderate effects of the intervention and reduced depression on maternal functioning (self-care and infant care, in particular). However, there was little evidence of effects of the intervention and depression reduction on early child development, maternal viral suppression, or ART adherence. Conclusion These findings suggest that depression care for pregnant WLH is important for maternal mental health, but it also helps women to better manage parenting and care for their infant. Supplementary interventions may be needed to impact early child development. Trial registration The trial was registered with the NIH Clinical Trial Registry (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03892915) on 27/03/2019.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07443-0DepressionHIVProblem solving therapyAntidepressant therapyMaternal functioningChild development
spellingShingle Glenn J. Wagner
Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar
Violet Gwokyalya
Laura J. Faherty
Jolly Beyeza-Kashesya
Juliet Nakku
Linda Kisaakye Nabitaka
Dickens Akena
Janet Nakigudde
Victoria Ngo
Ryan McBain
Hafsa Lukwata
Leticia Kyohangirwe
Barbara Mukasa
Rhoda K. Wanyenze
Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth
Depression
HIV
Problem solving therapy
Antidepressant therapy
Maternal functioning
Child development
title Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_full Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_fullStr Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_full_unstemmed Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_short Effects of M-DEPTH model of depression care on maternal depression, functioning, and HIV care adherence, and infant developmental over eighteen months post-partum: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
title_sort effects of m depth model of depression care on maternal depression functioning and hiv care adherence and infant developmental over eighteen months post partum results from a cluster randomized controlled trial
topic Depression
HIV
Problem solving therapy
Antidepressant therapy
Maternal functioning
Child development
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07443-0
work_keys_str_mv AT glennjwagner effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT bonnieghoshdastidar effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT violetgwokyalya effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT laurajfaherty effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT jollybeyezakashesya effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT julietnakku effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT lindakisaakyenabitaka effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT dickensakena effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT janetnakigudde effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT victoriango effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT ryanmcbain effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT hafsalukwata effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT leticiakyohangirwe effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT barbaramukasa effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT rhodakwanyenze effectsofmdepthmodelofdepressioncareonmaternaldepressionfunctioningandhivcareadherenceandinfantdevelopmentalovereighteenmonthspostpartumresultsfromaclusterrandomizedcontrolledtrial