Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice
Abstract The juice of blood oranges, especially those of the Citrus sinensis variety Moro, cultivated in the region of Sicily (Italy), is an increasingly popular drink due to its beneficial health properties, such as its ability to reduce abdominal fat, related to its anthocyanin constituents, espec...
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| Language: | English |
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Universidade de São Paulo
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502025000100321&lng=en&tlng=en |
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| author | Lídia Cristina Merlin de Meneses Maria Izabel Lamego Neta Jhenifer Luisa Miniuki Ingrid Vicente Farias Larissa Benvenutti Otto Mauricio Santos Gerlach Flávio H. Reginatto Angela Malheiros José Roberto Santin Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin |
| author_facet | Lídia Cristina Merlin de Meneses Maria Izabel Lamego Neta Jhenifer Luisa Miniuki Ingrid Vicente Farias Larissa Benvenutti Otto Mauricio Santos Gerlach Flávio H. Reginatto Angela Malheiros José Roberto Santin Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin |
| author_sort | Lídia Cristina Merlin de Meneses |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The juice of blood oranges, especially those of the Citrus sinensis variety Moro, cultivated in the region of Sicily (Italy), is an increasingly popular drink due to its beneficial health properties, such as its ability to reduce abdominal fat, related to its anthocyanin constituents, especially cyanidin-3-O-glycoside (C3G), as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, the dry extract of C. sinensis juice currently available at compounding pharmacies in Brazil includes samples from various countries, some of which may not have adequate climatic conditions for the production of anthocyanins. In this work, we investigated samples from the three major suppliers (reference, A1, and A2). The composition of the samples was analyzed by LC-UV and LC-MS, total anthocyanin content (TAC), antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, by NO production in macrophages. C3G was detected only in the reference sample (1.6%), the TAC values were 1.45%, 0.1% and 0.01% in the reference, A1, and A2, respectively. The reference and A1 showed similar antioxidant activity (EC50 of 45.6 and 62.4 µg/mL, respectively), while A2 showed lower activity (EC50 315.1 µg/mL). Only the reference sample showed significant inhibition of NO release, demonstrating the need for quality control of these commercialized samples. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-afc846e02ab647c8a5b10ff9d073aed0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2175-9790 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Universidade de São Paulo |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-afc846e02ab647c8a5b10ff9d073aed02025-01-21T07:41:31ZengUniversidade de São PauloBrazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences2175-97902025-01-016110.1590/s2175-97902025e24194Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juiceLídia Cristina Merlin de MenesesMaria Izabel Lamego NetaJhenifer Luisa MiniukiIngrid Vicente FariasLarissa BenvenuttiOtto Mauricio Santos GerlachFlávio H. ReginattoAngela MalheirosJosé Roberto SantinTania Mari Bellé Bresolinhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4200-9201Abstract The juice of blood oranges, especially those of the Citrus sinensis variety Moro, cultivated in the region of Sicily (Italy), is an increasingly popular drink due to its beneficial health properties, such as its ability to reduce abdominal fat, related to its anthocyanin constituents, especially cyanidin-3-O-glycoside (C3G), as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies. However, the dry extract of C. sinensis juice currently available at compounding pharmacies in Brazil includes samples from various countries, some of which may not have adequate climatic conditions for the production of anthocyanins. In this work, we investigated samples from the three major suppliers (reference, A1, and A2). The composition of the samples was analyzed by LC-UV and LC-MS, total anthocyanin content (TAC), antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and in vitro anti-inflammatory effect, by NO production in macrophages. C3G was detected only in the reference sample (1.6%), the TAC values were 1.45%, 0.1% and 0.01% in the reference, A1, and A2, respectively. The reference and A1 showed similar antioxidant activity (EC50 of 45.6 and 62.4 µg/mL, respectively), while A2 showed lower activity (EC50 315.1 µg/mL). Only the reference sample showed significant inhibition of NO release, demonstrating the need for quality control of these commercialized samples.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502025000100321&lng=en&tlng=enAnthocyaninsCitrus sinensisAntioxidantAnti-inflammatory |
| spellingShingle | Lídia Cristina Merlin de Meneses Maria Izabel Lamego Neta Jhenifer Luisa Miniuki Ingrid Vicente Farias Larissa Benvenutti Otto Mauricio Santos Gerlach Flávio H. Reginatto Angela Malheiros José Roberto Santin Tania Mari Bellé Bresolin Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Anthocyanins Citrus sinensis Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory |
| title | Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| title_full | Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| title_fullStr | Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| title_short | Quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in Brazilian compounding pharmacies: Dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| title_sort | quality of commercialized dry extracts of blood orange juice in brazilian compounding pharmacies dry extracts of blood orange juice |
| topic | Anthocyanins Citrus sinensis Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502025000100321&lng=en&tlng=en |
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