Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. Within the central nervous system, microglia express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) abundantly, which prompts the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, and NO...
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| Language: | English |
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Ain Shams University
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University |
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| Online Access: | https://aps.journals.ekb.eg/article_320652.html |
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| author | Salma A. Elshafey Dalia El-Khouly Esther T. Menze Mariane G. Tadros |
| author_facet | Salma A. Elshafey Dalia El-Khouly Esther T. Menze Mariane G. Tadros |
| author_sort | Salma A. Elshafey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. Within the central nervous system, microglia express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) abundantly, which prompts the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, and NO that are considered essential components of neuroinflammation. The emergence of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients has spurred investigations into TLR-4's potential involvement. Particularly intriguing is its contribution to the cytokine storms triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 infections. This comprehensive review investigates the TLR-4-induced neuroinflammation, focusing on its potential connection to cognitive decline and neurological symptoms triggered by COVID-19. By unraveling the intricate mechanisms by which TLR-4 mediates neuroinflammation, this review aims to shed light on its possible role in the context of COVID-19. Understanding the implications of TLR-4 activation could pave the way for targeted interventions to alleviate the cognitive and neurological impacts of COVID-19. As the world seeks to comprehend the far-reaching effects of the pandemic, grasping the nuances of TLR-4-associated neuroinflammation stands as a crucial step in addressing the challenges posed by cognitive decline and neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-af7a84df8e9244c6a3d9df8c06a3a44a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2356-8380 2356-8399 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | Ain Shams University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University |
| spelling | doaj-art-af7a84df8e9244c6a3d9df8c06a3a44a2025-08-20T01:59:57ZengAin Shams UniversityArchives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University2356-83802356-83992023-12-0172324333https://doi.org/10.21608/aps.2023.231700.1133Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationshipSalma A. Elshafey0Dalia El-Khouly1Esther T. Menze 2Mariane G. Tadros 3Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza, Egypt.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt.Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's. Within the central nervous system, microglia express Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) abundantly, which prompts the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, PGE2, IL-1β, and NO that are considered essential components of neuroinflammation. The emergence of neurological complications in COVID-19 patients has spurred investigations into TLR-4's potential involvement. Particularly intriguing is its contribution to the cytokine storms triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 infections. This comprehensive review investigates the TLR-4-induced neuroinflammation, focusing on its potential connection to cognitive decline and neurological symptoms triggered by COVID-19. By unraveling the intricate mechanisms by which TLR-4 mediates neuroinflammation, this review aims to shed light on its possible role in the context of COVID-19. Understanding the implications of TLR-4 activation could pave the way for targeted interventions to alleviate the cognitive and neurological impacts of COVID-19. As the world seeks to comprehend the far-reaching effects of the pandemic, grasping the nuances of TLR-4-associated neuroinflammation stands as a crucial step in addressing the challenges posed by cognitive decline and neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients.https://aps.journals.ekb.eg/article_320652.htmlmicrogliainflammationtoll-like receptor 4myd88nf-kbsars-cov-2. |
| spellingShingle | Salma A. Elshafey Dalia El-Khouly Esther T. Menze Mariane G. Tadros Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University microglia inflammation toll-like receptor 4 myd88 nf-kb sars-cov-2. |
| title | Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship |
| title_full | Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship |
| title_fullStr | Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship |
| title_short | Insights on the role of TLR-4 in neuroinflammation: a hint on COVID-19 relationship |
| title_sort | insights on the role of tlr 4 in neuroinflammation a hint on covid 19 relationship |
| topic | microglia inflammation toll-like receptor 4 myd88 nf-kb sars-cov-2. |
| url | https://aps.journals.ekb.eg/article_320652.html |
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