Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening
Combination testing with anti-HIV Elisa and Western blot is both sensitive and specific for diagnosis of established HIV-1 infection but could not detect acute HIV infection (AHI). AHI is a time of extremely high viral load, which may correlate to increased risk of horizontal or vertical transmissi...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Infectious Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/340817 |
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| author | Jocelyn Wertz Jason Cesario Jennifer Sackrison Sean Kim Chi Dola |
| author_facet | Jocelyn Wertz Jason Cesario Jennifer Sackrison Sean Kim Chi Dola |
| author_sort | Jocelyn Wertz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Combination testing with anti-HIV Elisa and Western blot is both sensitive and specific for diagnosis of established HIV-1 infection but could not detect acute HIV infection (AHI). AHI is a time of extremely high viral load, which may correlate to increased risk of horizontal or vertical transmission. Thus, early identification of AHI could allow for interventions to decrease transmission. However, recognition of AHI can be challenging as symptoms could be absent or nonspecific, therefore, AHI is often not detected, particularly in pregnancy. We present a case report of AHI in a pregnant woman who presented with headache and fever. She tested negative for HIV in the first trimester and at time of AHI at 26 3/7 weeks by anti-HIV Elisa, but was diagnosed with AHI based on an HIV RNA viral load of 434,000 copies/mL. This report presents a case for improved awareness of AHI in pregnancy, and the need for repeat HIV testing in late pregnancy, and highlighted that early detection of AHI might be possible with adding HIV RNA testing at time of standard anti-HIV Elisa screening test in pregnancy. Novel laboratory approaches including pooling of sera for HIV RNA could reduce the cost of HIV RNA testing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-af6c1418e44548fbae6b15f40ab0f00d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-6625 2090-6633 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Reports in Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-af6c1418e44548fbae6b15f40ab0f00d2025-02-03T01:01:10ZengWileyCase Reports in Infectious Diseases2090-66252090-66332011-01-01201110.1155/2011/340817340817Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester RescreeningJocelyn Wertz0Jason Cesario1Jennifer Sackrison2Sean Kim3Chi Dola4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-11, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-11, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-11, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-11, New Orleans, LA 70112, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL-11, New Orleans, LA 70112, USACombination testing with anti-HIV Elisa and Western blot is both sensitive and specific for diagnosis of established HIV-1 infection but could not detect acute HIV infection (AHI). AHI is a time of extremely high viral load, which may correlate to increased risk of horizontal or vertical transmission. Thus, early identification of AHI could allow for interventions to decrease transmission. However, recognition of AHI can be challenging as symptoms could be absent or nonspecific, therefore, AHI is often not detected, particularly in pregnancy. We present a case report of AHI in a pregnant woman who presented with headache and fever. She tested negative for HIV in the first trimester and at time of AHI at 26 3/7 weeks by anti-HIV Elisa, but was diagnosed with AHI based on an HIV RNA viral load of 434,000 copies/mL. This report presents a case for improved awareness of AHI in pregnancy, and the need for repeat HIV testing in late pregnancy, and highlighted that early detection of AHI might be possible with adding HIV RNA testing at time of standard anti-HIV Elisa screening test in pregnancy. Novel laboratory approaches including pooling of sera for HIV RNA could reduce the cost of HIV RNA testing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/340817 |
| spellingShingle | Jocelyn Wertz Jason Cesario Jennifer Sackrison Sean Kim Chi Dola Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening Case Reports in Infectious Diseases |
| title | Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening |
| title_full | Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening |
| title_fullStr | Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening |
| title_short | Acute HIV Infection in Pregnancy: The Case for Third Trimester Rescreening |
| title_sort | acute hiv infection in pregnancy the case for third trimester rescreening |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/340817 |
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