Application of response surface methodology to optimize the treatment process of high conversion of free fatty acids using (1R)-(-)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid and iron(III) sulphate

Application of response surface methodology to optimize the treatment process of high conversion of free fatty acids using (1R)-(-)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid and iron(III) sulphate

This study investigates biodiesel production from acidic crude palm oil using one homogeneous catalyst, (1R)-(-)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid (10-CSA), and one heterogeneous catalyst, iron(III) sulphate, focusing on their catalytic activity, recyclability, and process optimisation by using response surf...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hayyan Adeeb, Abed Khalid M., Al-Saadi Mohammed A., Elgharbawy Amal A.M., Alanazi Yousef Mohammed, Saleh Jehad, Latiff Nur Hanie Mohd, Putra Sharifah Shahira Syed, Nor Mohd Roslan Mohd, Alhashemi Shareef Fadhil Mahel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Association of Chemical Engineers of Serbia 2025-01-01
Series:Hemijska Industrija
Subjects:
acidic crude palm oil
biodiesel
esterification
homogeneous acid catalyst
heterogeneous acidic catalyst
Online Access:https://doiserbia.nb.rs/img/doi/0367-598X/2025/0367-598X2500003H.pdf
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