Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery
Fabricating electrodes with high electrocatalytic efficiency is crucial for the commercial feasibility of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). In this study, metal–organic framework-derived ZnO and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a high specific surface area were successfu...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/7/535 |
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| author | Priya Lakshmanan Chia-Hung Huang Suba Devi Rengapillai Yong-Song Chen Wei-Ren Liu Cheng-Liang Hsu Sivakumar Marimuthu |
| author_facet | Priya Lakshmanan Chia-Hung Huang Suba Devi Rengapillai Yong-Song Chen Wei-Ren Liu Cheng-Liang Hsu Sivakumar Marimuthu |
| author_sort | Priya Lakshmanan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fabricating electrodes with high electrocatalytic efficiency is crucial for the commercial feasibility of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). In this study, metal–organic framework-derived ZnO and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a high specific surface area were successfully synthesized via high-energy ball milling. The nanocomposite material (ZnO-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was prepared through ultrasonication and coated on the graphite felt using dip coating, serving as the positive electrode for the VRFB. These modified electrodes control polarization losses, leading to high voltage efficiency (VE) and energy efficiency (EE), even at high current densities. Consequently, the nanocomposite-modified electrode shows VE of 87% and EE of 84% at 50 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, surpassing the performance of individual materials. The nanocomposite material retains its EE without degradation over 250 cycles at a current density of 150 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. This enhanced performance is due to improved kinetics and reduced losses in the VO<sup>2+</sup>/VO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> redox couple, enabled by the nanocomposite material. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aefab42e3f674596aa5dc8c43bfa9ffe |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj-art-aefab42e3f674596aa5dc8c43bfa9ffe2025-08-20T02:09:11ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912025-04-0115753510.3390/nano15070535Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow BatteryPriya Lakshmanan0Chia-Hung Huang1Suba Devi Rengapillai2Yong-Song Chen3Wei-Ren Liu4Cheng-Liang Hsu5Sivakumar Marimuthu6#120, Energy Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaMetal Industries Research and Development Centre, Kaohsiung 81160, Taiwan#120, Energy Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi 621301, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical Engineering, R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, 200 Chung Pei Road, Taoyuan 32023, TaiwanMetal Industries Research and Development Centre, Kaohsiung 81160, Taiwan#120, Energy Materials Lab, Department of Physics, Science Block, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, IndiaFabricating electrodes with high electrocatalytic efficiency is crucial for the commercial feasibility of vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). In this study, metal–organic framework-derived ZnO and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> with a high specific surface area were successfully synthesized via high-energy ball milling. The nanocomposite material (ZnO-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) was prepared through ultrasonication and coated on the graphite felt using dip coating, serving as the positive electrode for the VRFB. These modified electrodes control polarization losses, leading to high voltage efficiency (VE) and energy efficiency (EE), even at high current densities. Consequently, the nanocomposite-modified electrode shows VE of 87% and EE of 84% at 50 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, surpassing the performance of individual materials. The nanocomposite material retains its EE without degradation over 250 cycles at a current density of 150 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. This enhanced performance is due to improved kinetics and reduced losses in the VO<sup>2+</sup>/VO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> redox couple, enabled by the nanocomposite material.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/7/535electrocatalytic efficiencyenergy efficiencyelectrode modificationgraphite feltpolarization loss |
| spellingShingle | Priya Lakshmanan Chia-Hung Huang Suba Devi Rengapillai Yong-Song Chen Wei-Ren Liu Cheng-Liang Hsu Sivakumar Marimuthu Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Nanomaterials electrocatalytic efficiency energy efficiency electrode modification graphite felt polarization loss |
| title | Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery |
| title_full | Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery |
| title_fullStr | Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery |
| title_short | Graphite Felt Decorated with Metal–Organic Framework-Derived Nanocomposite as Cathode for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery |
| title_sort | graphite felt decorated with metal organic framework derived nanocomposite as cathode for vanadium redox flow battery |
| topic | electrocatalytic efficiency energy efficiency electrode modification graphite felt polarization loss |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/15/7/535 |
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