Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria
Introduction: Malaria is a growing global threat and a major cause of mortality in the tropics. The gold standard diagnosis is peripheral blood smear examination. It has been demonstrated that melatonin acts as messenger molecule in malaria pathophysiology. This concept was used to evolve a clinica...
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The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| Online Access: | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12518 |
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| author | Chandan Kumar Kedarisetty B Laksminarayana Samaga Sudha Vidyasagar Jayanthi Venkataraman |
| author_facet | Chandan Kumar Kedarisetty B Laksminarayana Samaga Sudha Vidyasagar Jayanthi Venkataraman |
| author_sort | Chandan Kumar Kedarisetty |
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Introduction: Malaria is a growing global threat and a major cause of mortality in the tropics. The gold standard diagnosis is peripheral blood smear examination. It has been demonstrated that melatonin acts as messenger molecule in malaria pathophysiology. This concept was used to evolve a clinical study wherein use of exogenous melatonin could improve the chance of detection of the parasite.
Methodology: In a prospective study, 80 consecutive patients seen in the Department of Medicine at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, suspected to have malarial fever were enrolled with proper informed consent, and randomly assigned to the groups given oral melatonin 3mg (melatonin group, n = 40) or placebo (control group, n = 40). Blood samples were collected for peripheral smear examination at baseline and then at two, three, four and five hours after drug administration. The primary end point was the parasite detection index.
Results: Baseline characteristics of patients were comparable. In the melatonin group, there was a significant increase of 0.0943 ± 0.22 in the mean parasite index from 0.217 ± 0.42 pre-melatonin to 0.3114 ± 0.5 post-melatonin (p = 0.001), compared to a difference of 0.0025 ± 0.22 in mean parasite index before and after placebo in the control group (p = 0.95). The maximum rise in parasite detection was seen at five hours after melatonin.
Conclusions: In a single centre study, for the first time, it has been shown that a significantly higher proportion of patients was diagnosed with malaria on peripheral smear after oral melatonin administration, maximal at five hours after administration of melatonin.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-aebd395f252e4e32aa5e9c8fe59da700 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1972-2680 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
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| series | Journal of Infection in Developing Countries |
| spelling | doaj-art-aebd395f252e4e32aa5e9c8fe59da7002025-08-20T02:27:11ZengThe Journal of Infection in Developing CountriesJournal of Infection in Developing Countries1972-26802020-11-01141110.3855/jidc.12518Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malariaChandan Kumar Kedarisetty0B Laksminarayana Samaga1Sudha Vidyasagar2Jayanthi Venkataraman3Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, K.S. Hegde Medical College, Mangalore, IndiaDepartment of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, IndiaDepartment of Hepatology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India Introduction: Malaria is a growing global threat and a major cause of mortality in the tropics. The gold standard diagnosis is peripheral blood smear examination. It has been demonstrated that melatonin acts as messenger molecule in malaria pathophysiology. This concept was used to evolve a clinical study wherein use of exogenous melatonin could improve the chance of detection of the parasite. Methodology: In a prospective study, 80 consecutive patients seen in the Department of Medicine at Kasturba Hospital, Manipal, suspected to have malarial fever were enrolled with proper informed consent, and randomly assigned to the groups given oral melatonin 3mg (melatonin group, n = 40) or placebo (control group, n = 40). Blood samples were collected for peripheral smear examination at baseline and then at two, three, four and five hours after drug administration. The primary end point was the parasite detection index. Results: Baseline characteristics of patients were comparable. In the melatonin group, there was a significant increase of 0.0943 ± 0.22 in the mean parasite index from 0.217 ± 0.42 pre-melatonin to 0.3114 ± 0.5 post-melatonin (p = 0.001), compared to a difference of 0.0025 ± 0.22 in mean parasite index before and after placebo in the control group (p = 0.95). The maximum rise in parasite detection was seen at five hours after melatonin. Conclusions: In a single centre study, for the first time, it has been shown that a significantly higher proportion of patients was diagnosed with malaria on peripheral smear after oral melatonin administration, maximal at five hours after administration of melatonin. https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12518malariamelatoninfeversweating |
| spellingShingle | Chandan Kumar Kedarisetty B Laksminarayana Samaga Sudha Vidyasagar Jayanthi Venkataraman Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria Journal of Infection in Developing Countries malaria melatonin fever sweating |
| title | Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| title_full | Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| title_fullStr | Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| title_short | Oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| title_sort | oral melatonin improves the detection of parasitemia in malaria |
| topic | malaria melatonin fever sweating |
| url | https://jidc.org/index.php/journal/article/view/12518 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chandankumarkedarisetty oralmelatoninimprovesthedetectionofparasitemiainmalaria AT blaksminarayanasamaga oralmelatoninimprovesthedetectionofparasitemiainmalaria AT sudhavidyasagar oralmelatoninimprovesthedetectionofparasitemiainmalaria AT jayanthivenkataraman oralmelatoninimprovesthedetectionofparasitemiainmalaria |