Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease
Slower psychomotor speed is very common in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We propose that hyperglycemia is associated with slower psychomotor speed via disruption of brain activation. Eighty-five adults (48% women, mean age: 49.0 years, mea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9571464 |
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| author | Misun Hwang Dana L. Tudorascu Karen Nunley Helmet Karim Howard J. Aizenstein Trevor J. Orchard Caterina Rosano |
| author_facet | Misun Hwang Dana L. Tudorascu Karen Nunley Helmet Karim Howard J. Aizenstein Trevor J. Orchard Caterina Rosano |
| author_sort | Misun Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Slower psychomotor speed is very common in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We propose that hyperglycemia is associated with slower psychomotor speed via disruption of brain activation. Eighty-five adults (48% women, mean age: 49.0 years, mean duration: 40.8) with childhood onset T1D were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Median response time in seconds (longer = worse performance) and brain activation were measured while performing a psychomotor speed task. Exposure to hyperglycemia, measured as glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, was associated with longer response time and with higher activation in the inferior frontal gyrus and primary sensorimotor and dorsal cingulate cortex. Higher activation in inferior frontal gyrus, primary sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, and cuneus was related to longer response times; in contrast, higher activation in the superior parietal lobe was associated with shorter response times. Associations were independent of small vessel disease in the brain or other organs. In this group of middle-aged adults with T1D, the pathway linking chronic hyperglycemia with slower processing speed appears to include increased brain activation, but not small vessel disease. Activation in the superior parietal lobe may compensate for dysregulation in brain activation in the presence of hyperglycemia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae76f172a2fd4b5984ee01700bfca176 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-6745 2314-6753 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Diabetes Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae76f172a2fd4b5984ee01700bfca1762025-02-03T01:22:33ZengWileyJournal of Diabetes Research2314-67452314-67532016-01-01201610.1155/2016/95714649571464Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel DiseaseMisun Hwang0Dana L. Tudorascu1Karen Nunley2Helmet Karim3Howard J. Aizenstein4Trevor J. Orchard5Caterina Rosano6Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 3600 Forbes Avenue, Plaza Level, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, and Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Meyran Avenue, Suite 326, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 443, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 253 Sterling Plaza, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, 3512 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USADepartment of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 N. Bellefield Avenue, Suite 467, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USASlower psychomotor speed is very common in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. We propose that hyperglycemia is associated with slower psychomotor speed via disruption of brain activation. Eighty-five adults (48% women, mean age: 49.0 years, mean duration: 40.8) with childhood onset T1D were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Median response time in seconds (longer = worse performance) and brain activation were measured while performing a psychomotor speed task. Exposure to hyperglycemia, measured as glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, was associated with longer response time and with higher activation in the inferior frontal gyrus and primary sensorimotor and dorsal cingulate cortex. Higher activation in inferior frontal gyrus, primary sensorimotor cortex, thalamus, and cuneus was related to longer response times; in contrast, higher activation in the superior parietal lobe was associated with shorter response times. Associations were independent of small vessel disease in the brain or other organs. In this group of middle-aged adults with T1D, the pathway linking chronic hyperglycemia with slower processing speed appears to include increased brain activation, but not small vessel disease. Activation in the superior parietal lobe may compensate for dysregulation in brain activation in the presence of hyperglycemia.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9571464 |
| spellingShingle | Misun Hwang Dana L. Tudorascu Karen Nunley Helmet Karim Howard J. Aizenstein Trevor J. Orchard Caterina Rosano Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease Journal of Diabetes Research |
| title | Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease |
| title_full | Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease |
| title_fullStr | Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease |
| title_short | Brain Activation and Psychomotor Speed in Middle-Aged Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: Relationships with Hyperglycemia and Brain Small Vessel Disease |
| title_sort | brain activation and psychomotor speed in middle aged patients with type 1 diabetes relationships with hyperglycemia and brain small vessel disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9571464 |
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