New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb.
Abstract Background Frequent interspecific hybridization, unclear genetic backgrounds, and ambiguous evolutionary relationships within the genus Lycoris pose significant challenges to the identification and classification of hybrids, thereby impacting the application and development of Lycoris. This...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06112-w |
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| author | Yue Zhang Shujun Zhou Yu Chen Pengchong Zhang Yongchun Zhang Junhuo Cai Zixuan Nie Lu Zhang |
| author_facet | Yue Zhang Shujun Zhou Yu Chen Pengchong Zhang Yongchun Zhang Junhuo Cai Zixuan Nie Lu Zhang |
| author_sort | Yue Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Frequent interspecific hybridization, unclear genetic backgrounds, and ambiguous evolutionary relationships within the genus Lycoris pose significant challenges to the identification and classification of hybrids, thereby impacting the application and development of Lycoris. This study utilizes karyotype structure, genome size, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technology to explore the chromosomal evolution and hybrid identification of Lycoris employing three approaches at the cytogenetic level. Results The findings indicate that species with a smaller basic chromosome number exhibit less asymmetry than those with a larger basic chromosome number, suggesting that species with different basic chromosome numbers may have followed different evolutionary pathways. Lycoris aurea has a more symmetrical karyotype, which may be the plesiomorphic state, reflecting an evolutionary transition from symmetry to asymmetry in Lycoris chromosomes. Systematic clustering of 18 Lycoris species is consistent with chromosomal karyotype classification, primarily dividing into two groups: species with M + T + A type an M + T type as one group, and A type as another group. The average nuclear genome size (C-value) of the Lycoris genus is 22.99 Gb, with the smallest genome being that of L. wulingensis (17.10 Gb) and the largest being L. squamigera (33.06 Gb). Chromosome length is positively correlated with the C-value, and the haploid genome size (Cx-value) decreases with an increase in basic chromosome number (x). The FISH technique can quickly identify and authenticate artificial hybrids, thus inferring the parentage of natural hybrids. Conclusion The study reveals the genetic background and interspecific relationships of 18 Lycoris species, identifies the authenticity of artificial Lycoris hybrids, and infers the possible parentage of natural hybrids, offering technical insights for the identification, classification, and genomic projects of Lycoris. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae7645d910514554bb95da1fcc7f67e7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae7645d910514554bb95da1fcc7f67e72025-01-26T12:23:14ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-01-0125111810.1186/s12870-025-06112-wNew insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb.Yue Zhang0Shujun Zhou1Yu Chen2Pengchong Zhang3Yongchun Zhang4Junhuo Cai5Zixuan Nie6Lu Zhang7Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation, 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation, 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityInstitute of Landscape Science and Technology, Nanchang Landscaping Service CenterHangzhou Botanical Garden (Hangzhou West Lake Research Institute of Garden Science)Forestry and Fruit Tree Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation, 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation, 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityJiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation, 2011 Collaboration Innovation Center of Jiangxi Typical Trees Cultivation and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Frequent interspecific hybridization, unclear genetic backgrounds, and ambiguous evolutionary relationships within the genus Lycoris pose significant challenges to the identification and classification of hybrids, thereby impacting the application and development of Lycoris. This study utilizes karyotype structure, genome size, and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) technology to explore the chromosomal evolution and hybrid identification of Lycoris employing three approaches at the cytogenetic level. Results The findings indicate that species with a smaller basic chromosome number exhibit less asymmetry than those with a larger basic chromosome number, suggesting that species with different basic chromosome numbers may have followed different evolutionary pathways. Lycoris aurea has a more symmetrical karyotype, which may be the plesiomorphic state, reflecting an evolutionary transition from symmetry to asymmetry in Lycoris chromosomes. Systematic clustering of 18 Lycoris species is consistent with chromosomal karyotype classification, primarily dividing into two groups: species with M + T + A type an M + T type as one group, and A type as another group. The average nuclear genome size (C-value) of the Lycoris genus is 22.99 Gb, with the smallest genome being that of L. wulingensis (17.10 Gb) and the largest being L. squamigera (33.06 Gb). Chromosome length is positively correlated with the C-value, and the haploid genome size (Cx-value) decreases with an increase in basic chromosome number (x). The FISH technique can quickly identify and authenticate artificial hybrids, thus inferring the parentage of natural hybrids. Conclusion The study reveals the genetic background and interspecific relationships of 18 Lycoris species, identifies the authenticity of artificial Lycoris hybrids, and infers the possible parentage of natural hybrids, offering technical insights for the identification, classification, and genomic projects of Lycoris.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06112-wLycorisKaryotypeGenome sizeFISHInterspecific relationshipsBasic chromosome number |
| spellingShingle | Yue Zhang Shujun Zhou Yu Chen Pengchong Zhang Yongchun Zhang Junhuo Cai Zixuan Nie Lu Zhang New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. BMC Plant Biology Lycoris Karyotype Genome size FISH Interspecific relationships Basic chromosome number |
| title | New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. |
| title_full | New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. |
| title_fullStr | New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. |
| title_full_unstemmed | New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. |
| title_short | New insights into interspecies relationships, chromosomal evolution, and hybrid identification in the Lycoris Herb. |
| title_sort | new insights into interspecies relationships chromosomal evolution and hybrid identification in the lycoris herb |
| topic | Lycoris Karyotype Genome size FISH Interspecific relationships Basic chromosome number |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06112-w |
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