Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes
Camel bot fly (<i>Cephalopina titillator</i>) larvae cause myiasis in domesticated and wild camels, resulting in significant economic losses to the camel industry and posing a serious global public health concern. To date, only one mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>C. titilla...
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2024-12-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| author | Huaibing Yao Wanpeng Ma Zhanqiang Su Yuanyuan Yan Yang Li Weidong Cui Jie Yang Faqiang Zhan Min Hou |
| author_facet | Huaibing Yao Wanpeng Ma Zhanqiang Su Yuanyuan Yan Yang Li Weidong Cui Jie Yang Faqiang Zhan Min Hou |
| author_sort | Huaibing Yao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Camel bot fly (<i>Cephalopina titillator</i>) larvae cause myiasis in domesticated and wild camels, resulting in significant economic losses to the camel industry and posing a serious global public health concern. To date, only one mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from the Alxa Bactrian camel has been reported. Herein, <i>C. titillator</i> was isolated from the Junggar Bactrian camel to assemble a complete circular mitogenome with a length of 16,552 bp encoding 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. The mitogenome showed a high A + T content (73.31%), positive AT-skew (0.12), and negative GC-skew (−0.34) base composition patterns. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) employed ATG, ATA, ATT, GTG, or TCG as the start codons and TAA, TAG, or single T as the stop codons. Similar to other parasites in the Oestridae subfamily, the mitogenome was structurally conserved, with genes retaining the same order and direction as those in the ancestral insect mitogenome. The phylogenetic analysis clustered this species with the Oestrinae, showing that the subfamily did not exhibit monophyly. <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from the Junggar Bactrian camel was found to be a sister lineage to that isolated from the Alxa Bactrian camel. Despite the lack of data on the mitogenome of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from dromedaries in the Middle East, phylogenetic analysis of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from Xinjiang revealed one distinct lineage of the Xinjiang camel nasal bot fly. In conclusion, this study reports the complete mitogenome of Xinjiang <i>C. titillator</i> for the first time, providing valuable data for future studies on the phylogenetic relationships in this subfamily. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae32d1ca549c4d1c8afd4c0db791e57c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae32d1ca549c4d1c8afd4c0db791e57c2025-01-24T13:35:33ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-12-01161610.3390/insects16010006Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial GenomesHuaibing Yao0Wanpeng Ma1Zhanqiang Su2Yuanyuan Yan3Yang Li4Weidong Cui5Jie Yang6Faqiang Zhan7Min Hou8Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, ChinaXinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaXinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaXinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaKey Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, ChinaXinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaXinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, ChinaCamel bot fly (<i>Cephalopina titillator</i>) larvae cause myiasis in domesticated and wild camels, resulting in significant economic losses to the camel industry and posing a serious global public health concern. To date, only one mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from the Alxa Bactrian camel has been reported. Herein, <i>C. titillator</i> was isolated from the Junggar Bactrian camel to assemble a complete circular mitogenome with a length of 16,552 bp encoding 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. The mitogenome showed a high A + T content (73.31%), positive AT-skew (0.12), and negative GC-skew (−0.34) base composition patterns. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) employed ATG, ATA, ATT, GTG, or TCG as the start codons and TAA, TAG, or single T as the stop codons. Similar to other parasites in the Oestridae subfamily, the mitogenome was structurally conserved, with genes retaining the same order and direction as those in the ancestral insect mitogenome. The phylogenetic analysis clustered this species with the Oestrinae, showing that the subfamily did not exhibit monophyly. <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from the Junggar Bactrian camel was found to be a sister lineage to that isolated from the Alxa Bactrian camel. Despite the lack of data on the mitogenome of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from dromedaries in the Middle East, phylogenetic analysis of <i>C. titillator</i> isolated from Xinjiang revealed one distinct lineage of the Xinjiang camel nasal bot fly. In conclusion, this study reports the complete mitogenome of Xinjiang <i>C. titillator</i> for the first time, providing valuable data for future studies on the phylogenetic relationships in this subfamily.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/6camel nasal botfly<i>Cephalopina titillator</i>mitogenomesgenetic analysis |
| spellingShingle | Huaibing Yao Wanpeng Ma Zhanqiang Su Yuanyuan Yan Yang Li Weidong Cui Jie Yang Faqiang Zhan Min Hou Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes Insects camel nasal botfly <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> mitogenomes genetic analysis |
| title | Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes |
| title_full | Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes |
| title_fullStr | Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes |
| title_short | Phylogenetic and Comparative Genomics Study of <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> Based on Mitochondrial Genomes |
| title_sort | phylogenetic and comparative genomics study of i cephalopina titillator i based on mitochondrial genomes |
| topic | camel nasal botfly <i>Cephalopina titillator</i> mitogenomes genetic analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/6 |
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