Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease
Cognitive impairment and behavioural disorders are often encountered in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). A simple PD-related frontostriatal cognitive dysfunction (PDFCD) staging is proposed. Executive dysfunction and mental fatigue (stage I), depression/anxiety (stage IIa), apathy/pain (...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Parkinson's Disease |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/561046 |
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| _version_ | 1832545664574160896 |
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| author | Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández |
| author_facet | Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández |
| author_sort | Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cognitive impairment and behavioural disorders are often encountered in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). A simple PD-related frontostriatal cognitive dysfunction (PDFCD) staging is proposed. Executive dysfunction and mental fatigue (stage I), depression/anxiety (stage IIa), apathy/pain (stage IIb), and dementia (stage III) reflect a sequential process of dopamine depletion occurring in different regions of the striatum (stages I and II) and the frontal cortex (stage III). In addition to these nonmotor manifestations present in the unmedicated (OFF) state, the PDFCD model also predicts a number of complications related to dopaminergic treatment (ON state), from impulse control disorders (stages I and IIa) to hallucinations (stage IIb) and psychosis (stage III). Although the model admittedly needs further refinements, it provides a framework for hypothesis testing and may help clinicians optimize therapeutic strategies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ae19c7679a71461e8d26ecc84f796da6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-8083 2042-0080 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Parkinson's Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-ae19c7679a71461e8d26ecc84f796da62025-02-03T07:25:05ZengWileyParkinson's Disease2090-80832042-00802012-01-01201210.1155/2012/561046561046Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's DiseaseRaúl de la Fuente-Fernández0Section of Neurology, Hospital A. Marcide, 15405 Ferrol, SpainCognitive impairment and behavioural disorders are often encountered in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). A simple PD-related frontostriatal cognitive dysfunction (PDFCD) staging is proposed. Executive dysfunction and mental fatigue (stage I), depression/anxiety (stage IIa), apathy/pain (stage IIb), and dementia (stage III) reflect a sequential process of dopamine depletion occurring in different regions of the striatum (stages I and II) and the frontal cortex (stage III). In addition to these nonmotor manifestations present in the unmedicated (OFF) state, the PDFCD model also predicts a number of complications related to dopaminergic treatment (ON state), from impulse control disorders (stages I and IIa) to hallucinations (stage IIb) and psychosis (stage III). Although the model admittedly needs further refinements, it provides a framework for hypothesis testing and may help clinicians optimize therapeutic strategies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/561046 |
| spellingShingle | Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease Parkinson's Disease |
| title | Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease |
| title_full | Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease |
| title_fullStr | Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease |
| title_short | Frontostriatal Cognitive Staging in Parkinson's Disease |
| title_sort | frontostriatal cognitive staging in parkinson s disease |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/561046 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rauldelafuentefernandez frontostriatalcognitivestaginginparkinsonsdisease |